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观点:二孩政策或将影响女教授队伍

2015-11-09 高峻 中国教育报

中共中央关于“十三五”规划的建议中提出实施二孩政策,无疑是正确的决策。但对中国女教授队伍而言,或许将有深层次的影响。 回顾历史,中国农村即使在近三十多年的计划生育政策强力推行中,农村家庭绝大多数都是生了二孩,三孩、四孩亦有之,以交数万元不等的超生罚款处罚了之。 但在公务员、事业单位工作人员、国有企业职工、城镇居民中则严格实行独生子女政策。违规者必受到严肃惩处,如党内警告、升职受阻、下岗等处理,

中共中央关于“十三五”规划的建议中提出实施二孩政策,无疑是正确的决策。但对中国女教授队伍而言,或许将有深层次的影响。

回顾历史,中国农村即使在近三十多年的计划生育政策强力推行中,农村家庭绝大多数都是生了二孩,三孩、四孩亦有之,以交数万元不等的超生罚款处罚了之。

但在公务员、事业单位工作人员、国有企业职工、城镇居民中则严格实行独生子女政策。违规者必受到严肃惩处,如党内警告、升职受阻、下岗等处理,二孩落户口、就学也困难重重。所以三十余年来在公务员、事业单位工作人员、国有企业职工、城镇居民家庭中青一色的均为独生子女。由此造成城市少子化,老龄化,家庭人口四二一结构,独生子女夫妇面临着赡养四位老人的沉重负担。

实施二孩政策将根本改变这一窘况。可是,任何一项政策都有两面性,有多重影响,有些深层的负面影响不易被人们所认知。

从20世纪70年代后期开始实行的独生子女政策,在近三十余年中,由于只生育一个孩子,使许多优秀的女大学本科生、硕士研究生在22—23岁、25—26岁毕业后成家,生育完独生子女,仍有充沛的精力和热情继续深造,攻读博士研究生。她们被培养为学术精英,成为高等院校、科研院所的学术骨干,在40岁左右晋升为副教授或教授(包括研究员、主任医师、教授级高工等),45—50岁担任博士生导师。在近三十多年中,由于独生子女政策的实行,出现了中国历史上,甚至是人类文明史上唯有的人文景象——中国的高等院校、科研院所成长起大批女教授、女博士生导师,还有女院士!

以笔者长期执教的福建师范大学为例,现今在岗女教授、女博士生导师在全校300余位教授、博士生导师群体中占了约1/4的比列,笔者工作中交往的全国各大学、社科院均存在这种情况。高等院校、科研院所大批女教授、女博士生导师的出现,有她们只生育了一个子女这一社会背景,家庭负担轻。当然也与这批女教授、女博士生导师刻苦、坚忍的人生品格相关。

但二孩政策落实后,这一独特的人文景象或许就会退去、消失。比如一位优秀的女硕士研究生26岁毕业工作后,在27—32岁间将有计划地生育两孩,这位母亲在30—40岁间是她的两孩发育启蒙的关键时期,母亲必须全身心地投入。假如这位母亲还想在学术上继续前行,在30—40岁间攻读博士研究生,进入博士后科研流动站从事专题研究,就得有常人所不具的顽强意志和献身精神。在当今中国攀登世界科学高峰的伟大征程中,学术竞争激烈的高等院校、科研院所专业技术人员,倘若不能在40岁左右有所创新、有所贡献,晋升为副教授或教授,后续的发展将愈发困难。

毕竟生育两个孩子需要母亲付出更大更多的母爱,需要全身心地投入。尤其在高知家庭,两个子女的培养教育将成为比母亲自身事业更为重要的头等大事。人类繁衍生息的规律不可违逆,在当今中国,物质极大丰富,生育两孩将成为中国每个家庭中的头等大事。

笔者预见,近三十多年中国高等院校、科研院所成长起大批女教授、女博士生导师这一独特的人文景象或许会逐渐退去、消失。这世上真无万全之策啊!(原标题:二孩政策或将影响女教授队伍)

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    2015-11-11 bioon3
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1260173, encodeId=d17112601e3d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1ed65e476b8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#政策#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57476, encryptionId=1ed65e476b8, topicName=政策)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=322359, createdName=bioon3, createdTime=Wed Nov 11 05:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42942, encodeId=b36742942b0, content=国人素质普遍提高,计划生育自然就会好,压根就不用什么计划生育!!!现在二胎开放,政府岂不是又有一大批人, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151109/IMG563F820F984734123.jpg, createdBy=f0e51662019, createdName=荒唐的左, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 08:52:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42938, encodeId=041642938f9, content=这观点不无道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8aa11659262, createdName=IIIi, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 07:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42928, encodeId=6cc542928a5, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=149, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8b911658392, createdName=梦想天空, createdTime=Mon Nov 09 23:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42912, encodeId=a50142912f3, content=恩恩, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cab51623450, createdName=sanshengshi, createdTime=Mon Nov 09 22:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-10 荒唐的左

    国人素质普遍提高,计划生育自然就会好,压根就不用什么计划生育!!!现在二胎开放,政府岂不是又有一大批人

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1260173, encodeId=d17112601e3d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1ed65e476b8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#政策#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57476, encryptionId=1ed65e476b8, topicName=政策)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=322359, createdName=bioon3, createdTime=Wed Nov 11 05:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42942, encodeId=b36742942b0, content=国人素质普遍提高,计划生育自然就会好,压根就不用什么计划生育!!!现在二胎开放,政府岂不是又有一大批人, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151109/IMG563F820F984734123.jpg, createdBy=f0e51662019, createdName=荒唐的左, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 08:52:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42938, encodeId=041642938f9, content=这观点不无道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8aa11659262, createdName=IIIi, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 07:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42928, encodeId=6cc542928a5, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=149, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8b911658392, createdName=梦想天空, createdTime=Mon Nov 09 23:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42912, encodeId=a50142912f3, content=恩恩, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cab51623450, createdName=sanshengshi, createdTime=Mon Nov 09 22:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-10 IIIi

    这观点不无道理

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1260173, encodeId=d17112601e3d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1ed65e476b8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#政策#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57476, encryptionId=1ed65e476b8, topicName=政策)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=322359, createdName=bioon3, createdTime=Wed Nov 11 05:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42942, encodeId=b36742942b0, content=国人素质普遍提高,计划生育自然就会好,压根就不用什么计划生育!!!现在二胎开放,政府岂不是又有一大批人, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151109/IMG563F820F984734123.jpg, createdBy=f0e51662019, createdName=荒唐的左, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 08:52:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42938, encodeId=041642938f9, content=这观点不无道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8aa11659262, createdName=IIIi, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 07:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42928, encodeId=6cc542928a5, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=149, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8b911658392, createdName=梦想天空, createdTime=Mon Nov 09 23:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42912, encodeId=a50142912f3, content=恩恩, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cab51623450, createdName=sanshengshi, createdTime=Mon Nov 09 22:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-09 梦想天空

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1260173, encodeId=d17112601e3d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1ed65e476b8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#政策#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57476, encryptionId=1ed65e476b8, topicName=政策)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=322359, createdName=bioon3, createdTime=Wed Nov 11 05:50:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42942, encodeId=b36742942b0, content=国人素质普遍提高,计划生育自然就会好,压根就不用什么计划生育!!!现在二胎开放,政府岂不是又有一大批人, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20151109/IMG563F820F984734123.jpg, createdBy=f0e51662019, createdName=荒唐的左, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 08:52:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42938, encodeId=041642938f9, content=这观点不无道理, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8aa11659262, createdName=IIIi, createdTime=Tue Nov 10 07:21:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42928, encodeId=6cc542928a5, content=赞, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=149, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8b911658392, createdName=梦想天空, createdTime=Mon Nov 09 23:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=42912, encodeId=a50142912f3, content=恩恩, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=143, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=cab51623450, createdName=sanshengshi, createdTime=Mon Nov 09 22:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-09 sanshengshi

    恩恩

    0

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