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吸痰为什么要遮盖眼睛?

2017-04-03 佚名 华医网

这个小小的举措,减少了不必要的感染,值得学习!

护士为一名痰培养为大量铜绿色假单胞菌的患儿经鼻腔吸痰,由于痰液量多、粘稠堵塞吸痰管,拔出时痰液不慎滴入患儿眼睛,导致患儿第二天眼部出现脓性分泌物,并且逐渐增多等感染症状。

为什么吸痰会造成眼睛细菌感染

(1)患儿痰中带菌、痰液量多且粘稠;

(2)护士操作失误;

(3)吸痰时眼睛暴露。

如何避免类似事件的发生?

1.加强呼吸道护理

(1)加强拍背体疗。

(2)充分湿化痰液。

(3)对症应用抗菌药。

2.严格遵守吸痰操作流程

(1)吸痰前要充分湿化气道,特别是痰液粘稠的患者。可协助病人变换体位,配合叩击、雾化吸入等方法,稀释、松动痰液,使之易于吸出。

(2)选择粗细适宜的吸痰管,过细容易导致痰液堵管。小儿一般选用5-8号,最大10号;成人10-12号。

(3)适宜的负压。小儿<13.3Kpa;成人<20Kpa。

3.吸痰时遮盖患者双眼

用无菌纱布遮盖双眼可以防止吸痰时痰液意外滴入眼睛,为眼睛建立一个安全的屏障。

以上措施中前两项在临床上很常见,唯独第三项吸痰时遮盖患者双眼是不在护理常规里的,吸痰操作中也从未提到这一项。而上述事件中因带菌痰液滴入患者眼睛导致眼部感染为护理工作提出了新的问题。

1.吸痰时应不应该遮盖患者眼睛?

首先,吸痰不仅是一项基本护理操作,也是一项急救技术。由于吸痰过程中的不确定性因素很多,临床上即便是技术娴熟的护士,也不能保证万无一失。其次,吸痰时,患者剧烈咳嗽,痰液飞沫也可能会溅入眼睛,若痰细菌培养阳性,极有可能会造成患者眼部感染。所以遮盖双眼是防止痰液滴入眼睛的一道预防性屏障,也是保护患者的一道安全屏障,尤其适用于肺部感染者。

2.用什么作为遮挡物?

湿巾:刺激角膜(不选)

布类:不专业(不选)

纱布:无菌、正规、低廉(选)

3.遮盖双眼后带来哪些问题?

(1)吸痰时不易观察患者神志变化。

(2)患者存在一定程度的恐惧。

4.遮盖双眼后有哪些注意事项?

(1)向病人解释纱布遮盖眼部的目的,取得配合。

(2)吸痰时重点观察患者口唇、面色的变化。

(3)病情重者,严密心电监护,观察患者病情变化。

(4)吸痰时注意安慰患者,缓解其恐惧心理。

吸痰操作是否应该增添纱布作为眼部遮挡物,应根据临床实际情况决定。但对于痰培养阳性的患者来说,增加纱布相当于增加了一道安全防线,是一项必要的操作;对于医护来说,也是降低医疗风险一项有效措施。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776538, encodeId=47e11e7653830, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=767d3943993' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#吸痰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39439, encryptionId=767d3943993, topicName=吸痰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Thu Jul 13 14:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184858, encodeId=f84f18485821, content=加强监护病人的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=62d381629, createdName=yafeiliutjh, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 13:11:50 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184855, encodeId=a6a718485587, content=看看了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 13:10:54 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184832, encodeId=61481848321f, content=不错,学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 11:17:41 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776538, encodeId=47e11e7653830, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=767d3943993' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#吸痰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39439, encryptionId=767d3943993, topicName=吸痰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Thu Jul 13 14:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184858, encodeId=f84f18485821, content=加强监护病人的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=62d381629, createdName=yafeiliutjh, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 13:11:50 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184855, encodeId=a6a718485587, content=看看了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 13:10:54 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184832, encodeId=61481848321f, content=不错,学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 11:17:41 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-03 yafeiliutjh

    加强监护病人的

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776538, encodeId=47e11e7653830, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=767d3943993' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#吸痰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39439, encryptionId=767d3943993, topicName=吸痰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Thu Jul 13 14:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184858, encodeId=f84f18485821, content=加强监护病人的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=62d381629, createdName=yafeiliutjh, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 13:11:50 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184855, encodeId=a6a718485587, content=看看了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 13:10:54 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184832, encodeId=61481848321f, content=不错,学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 11:17:41 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-03 xiaotaiyang1

    看看了解一下

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1776538, encodeId=47e11e7653830, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=767d3943993' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#吸痰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=39439, encryptionId=767d3943993, topicName=吸痰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Thu Jul 13 14:04:00 CST 2017, time=2017-07-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184858, encodeId=f84f18485821, content=加强监护病人的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=62d381629, createdName=yafeiliutjh, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 13:11:50 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184855, encodeId=a6a718485587, content=看看了解一下, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=90f31612316, createdName=xiaotaiyang1, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 13:10:54 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=184832, encodeId=61481848321f, content=不错,学习了!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo5nmIH5IQqCKjJgSCuicPWUWOUcdqt1ROPnEiaOYN4pSHibDv8la3OxNLalvuvUXn8clpJlrpuyTpckgt9OPkeSSdT/0, createdBy=8fd71930726, createdName=半夏微凉, createdTime=Mon Apr 03 11:17:41 CST 2017, time=2017-04-03, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-03 半夏微凉

    不错,学习了!

    0

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