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PNAS:福岛核事故辐射对患癌风险影响不大

2014-02-26 佚名 新华网

日本京都大学一研究小组 25 日在《国家科学院学报》(PNAS)网络版上报告称,福岛第一核电站事故辐射使附近居民未来患癌的风险略有增加,但影响不是很大。该研究小组在福岛第一核电站事故发生约一年半后,对周围居民进行了内照射和外照射剂量调查。内照射指因摄取饮食和吸入粉尘中含有放射性物质而遭受的辐射。外照射则指受到来自森林和土壤等外部环境中射线的照射。调查对象是距离福岛第一核电站约 20 至 50 公里

日本京都大学一研究小组 25 日在《国家科学院学报》(PNAS)网络版上报告称,福岛第一核电站事故辐射使附近居民未来患癌的风险略有增加,但影响不是很大。该研究小组在福岛第一核电站事故发生约一年半后,对周围居民进行了内照射和外照射剂量调查。【原文下载

内照射指因摄取饮食和吸入粉尘中含有放射性物质而遭受的辐射。外照射则指受到来自森林和土壤等外部环境中射线的照射。调查对象是距离福岛第一核电站约 20 至 50 公里的福岛县川内村、相马市玉野地区等地近 460 名 3 岁至 96 岁的居民。 2012 年 8 月至 9 月,京都大学研究生院教授小泉昭夫等研究人员请这些居民佩带辐射剂量仪,用于测量放射性铯的外照射量。他们还回收了这些地区 125 名居民(其中 77 人参与外照射量监测)在这段时间内一日三餐的食品原料,分析这些居民受到的内照射量。

根据上述数据,研究人员推算了调查对象 2012 年全年遭受的辐射剂量。结果显示,居民受到的外照射量为 1.03 至 2.75 毫希沃特,内照射量为 0.0058 至 0.019 毫希沃特,即调查对象所受辐射 99.5% 以上来自外部。

根据这些数值,研究小组推算了调查实施时 1 岁、10 岁和 20 岁的居民在 89 岁之前患肠癌、肝癌等实体癌以及白血病的概率。
与日本人平均患癌率相比,玉野地区居民实体癌患病率上升幅度最大,1 岁女童和男童分别上升 1.06% 和0.71%,10 岁女童上升 0.82%,20 岁女性上升 0.59%。不过,不论性别,不论来自哪个地区,调查对象患白血病的概率未见有统计学意义的增加。

研究人员表示,由于肥胖和运动不足等生活习惯会导致癌症发病率提高 2 至 9%,因此“福岛第一核电站事故后的放射线辐射导致癌症的风险并不高”。

原始出处:

Kouji H. Harada, Tamon Niisoe, Mie Imanaka, Tomoyuki Takahashi, Katsumi Amako, Yukiko Fujii, Masatoshi Kanameishi, Kenji Ohse, Yasumichi Nakai, Tamami Nishikawa, Yuuichi Saito, Hiroko Sakamoto, Keiko Ueyama, Kumiko Hisaki, Eiji Ohara, Tokiko Inoue, Kanako Yamamoto, Yukiyo Matsuoka, Hitomi Ohata, Kazue Toshima, Ayumi Okada, Hitomi Sato, Toyomi Kuwamori, Hiroko Tani, Reiko Suzuki, Mai Kashikura, Michiko Nezu, Yoko Miyachi, Fusako Arai, Masanori Kuwamori, Sumiko Harada, Akira Ohmori, Hirohiko Ishikawa, and Akio Koizumi. Radiation dose rates now and in the future for residents neighboring restricted areas of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant. PNAS, February 24, 2014; doi:10.1073/pnas.1315684111.【原文下载

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    2014-03-12 drwjr
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    2014-09-02 sjq027
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    2014-02-28 jiyangfei
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    2014-02-28 lq0307
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