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CIR:LPA可能是肿瘤细胞免疫逃避的“隐身衣”

2013-10-31 佚名 生物通

来自国家犹太健康中心(National Jewish Health,NJH)的研究人员发现,癌肿瘤通过分泌一种脂质,阻止了免疫系统启动对抗它的免疫反应的机制。当溶血磷脂酸(LPA)与杀伤T细胞结合时,它就像一件“隐身衣”,阻止了T细胞识别和攻击新生肿瘤。这一研究论文发表在10月的Cancer Immunology Research杂志上。【原文下载】 论文的资深作者、

来自国家犹太健康中心(National Jewish Health,NJH)的研究人员发现,癌肿瘤通过分泌一种脂质,阻止了免疫系统启动对抗它的免疫反应的机制。当溶血磷脂酸(LPA)与杀伤T细胞结合时,它就像一件“隐身衣”,阻止了T细胞识别和攻击新生肿瘤。这一研究论文发表在10月的Cancer Immunology Research杂志上。【原文下载】

论文的资深作者、国家犹太健康中心的免疫学教授Raul Torres 博士说:“近几年,有一些治疗药物被开发出来,促进人体自身免疫系统对抗癌症。我们的研究发现为获取免疫系统的帮助来对抗癌症提供了一些新靶点和策略。”

科学家们认为,在危险肿瘤形成之前,人类免疫系统就可以识别并摧毁许多的癌细胞。然而,肿瘤也采取了一些策略来逃避免疫系统的检测。

科学家们已经知道,许多类型的癌细胞都分泌LPA,其似乎促进了肿瘤细胞的生长和扩散,并且称作为CD-8“杀伤”T细胞的免疫系统具有几种LPA受体。当杀伤T细胞激活时可以破坏癌细胞。

在新论文中,Torres博士领导研究人员证实,LPA使得T细胞处于失活状态,即便是它们已经“看到”了癌细胞上通常情况下可触发免疫反应的靶标或抗原。他们确定了LPA5受体是导致免疫反应抑制的特异受体。在细胞培养物和小鼠中,LPA阻止了细胞内的信号传导,与T细胞激活相关的分子出现,以及T细胞增殖。当他们将缺失LPA5受体的T细胞转移到患癌小鼠体内,肿瘤生长基本停止。

“了解LPA抑制免疫反应的具体机制,揭示了几种利用免疫系统自然能力对抗癌症的策略,”Torres说。

原文出处:

Shannon K Oda, Pamela Strauch, Yuko Fujiwara, Amin Al-Shami, Tamas Oravecz, Gabor Tigyi, Roberta Pelanda, and Raul M Torres.LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID INHIBITS CD8 T CELL ACTIVATION AND CONTROL OF TUMOR PROGRESSION.Cancer Immunol Res.Published Online First August 5, 2013; doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-13-0043-T.【原文下载】

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