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JAHA: 良好的血糖控制依然是改善糖尿病患者心血管结局的抓手

2020-04-07 idiabetes idiabetes

心血管并发症是糖尿病患者的主要死亡原因,良好的血糖控制可改善糖尿病患者的心血管结局。

心血管并发症是糖尿病患者的主要死亡原因,良好的血糖控制可改善糖尿病患者的心血管结局。根据一项基于ACCELERATE研究(评价Evacetrapib对高危血管风险患者临床疗效)中纳入的糖尿病患者亚组分析显示,以糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)为标志的血糖控制与接受他汀类药物治疗的高危CV风险的糖尿病患者的心血管结局改善密切相关。该研究发表在近期的Journal of the American Heart Association上。

研究概要

研究人员评估了8145例参加ACCELERATE研究的患者,这些患者具有确切的糖尿病病史及基线HbA1c值(平均年龄66岁,男性76%,白人78%)。研究人员使用经过30个月时基线HbA1c水平分层的Kaplan-Meier事件发生率对主要终点进行多变量回归分析,旨在评估血糖控制对接受他汀类药物治疗的糖尿病患者CV结局的影响。

研究结果

在ACCELERATE研究队列中,研究人员发现,接受他汀类药物治疗的糖尿病患者基线HbA1c升高与主要心血管不良事件(MACE)的发生率密切相关(KM估计,12.6~18.2;P <0.001),MACE定义为 心血管死亡、非致死性心肌梗死、脑血管意外、不稳定心绞痛住院治疗和血管重建。

基线HbA1c升高还与由死亡、非致命性心肌梗死和卒中构成的三重复合终点(KM估计,7.8-11.3;P=0.003)以及非致命性心肌梗死的个别终点(KM估计,3.1-7.0;P<0.001)、不稳定心绞痛的住院治疗(KM估计,1.8-5.0;P=0.003)、血运重建(KM估计,7.3-11.1;P=0.001)相关。

无论基线HbA1c水平如何,心血管死亡率(KM估计,2.6-4.3;P=0.21)和全因死亡率(KM估计,4.8-5.9;P=0.21)相似。在调整相关基线特征时,基线HbA1c是主要终点的独立预测因子(危险比,1.06;95%CI,1.02–1.11;P=0.003)。

 

图1. ACCELERATE研究中,基线HbA1c与主要心血管不良事件(MACEs)、三重终点(心血管死亡、心肌梗死和卒中)和基线全因死亡率的关系

研究结论

糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)测定的血糖控制与接受他汀类药物治疗的高危心血管风险的糖尿病患者的心血管结局密切相关。

研究述评

克利夫兰诊所心脏与血管研究所CCU主任Venu Menon博士评论道:“通过严格执行的随机临床试验得出的分析认为,在目前临床实践中,以HbA1c水平衡量的血糖控制仍然是高心血管风险的糖尿病患者未来心血管事件进展的独立预测因素,尽管患者接受了他汀类药物的使用且基线时LDL-C水平近乎完美。我们的研究结果显示,尽管在HbA1c <8%的患者中,改善血糖控制可能会使降低临床硬终点(如死亡率和非致死性卒中)的收益递减,如ACCORD和ADVANCE试验所显示的那样,但HbA1c仍然有效预测了如冠状动脉血运重建和不稳定型心绞痛住院治疗等临床终点的改善。尽管当前已有最佳的血脂、血压控制及预防策略,尽管最近的CVOT研究数据可能使人们的关注点从血糖控制移开,但HbA1c水平仍能强烈预测糖尿病患者未来的心血管事件。对HbA1c水平的了解将使临床医生识别残留风险,并启动及时的治疗。”

原始出处:
Menon V, et al. Impact of Baseline Glycemic Control on Residual Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus and High‐Risk Vascular Disease Treated With Statin Therapy. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;doi:10.1161/JAHA.119.014328.

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    2020-04-09 zhaohui6731
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    2020-04-08 misszhang

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