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Stem Cell Reports:科学家发现Prkci基因可控制干细胞的产生

2015-11-01 MedSci MedSci原创

1

提到干细胞,太多的东西都是不好的方面:产生过多可导致癌症的发生,而太少又会抑制机体的修复和维护。

近日发表于Stem Cell Reports的一项新的研究表明,Prkci基因时维持干细胞产量平衡的关键,它可控制干细胞是否更新自我以产生更多地干细胞或分化成其他类型的细胞,如血细胞或神经细胞。

实验中,研究人员将敲除Prkci基因的小鼠胚胎干细胞培养成胚胎样的结构。因为缺乏Prkci基因,所以干细胞可持续更新,产生大量的干细胞,并随后生成了大量的二级结构。

经过仔细检查,研究人员发现,缺乏Prkci基因的干细胞中存在很多典型干细胞的激活基因,以及一些典型的神经细胞、心肌细胞以及造血细胞的激活基因。因而,缺乏Prkci基因的干细胞可促使干细胞分化成形成神经元、心肌和血细胞的祖细胞。

Prkci基因可激活或抑制Notch信号通路中的一组基因群来发挥作用。缺乏Prkci基因时,Notch信号通路可产生一种蛋白以“通知”干细胞产生更多的干细胞,而Prkci基因存在时,Notch信号通路则处于抑制状态,此时干细胞则会分化成其他类型的细胞。

此研究结果对病人的治疗有一些定的意义。尽管某些类型的皮肤癌中Prkci基因可被激活,抑制它或可导致意想不到的后果,如促进肿瘤组织的生长。但是,对于受伤或其他疾病的患者,使用小分子抑制剂阻断Prkci的活性以促进干细胞的产生则可对机体产生治疗作用。

研究人员希望此发现可应用于不同的环境中,使得通常较难更新的干细胞变得更容易分裂再生。

原始出处:

A Prkci gene keeps stem cells in check. Science Daily, October 30, 2015.

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    2016-08-19 智智灵药
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