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JCO:ALL幸存者神经认知发育可能会被化疗所改变

2016-02-16 MedSci MedSci原创

 急性成淋巴细胞性白血病(ALL)是最常见的儿科肿瘤,大约有29%的儿童癌症患者所患的是ALL。在过去的几十年中,ALL的预后已经有了实质性的改善,现在ALL的十年总生存率接近90%。生存率之所以提高是因为治疗手段的进步,包括预防性的中枢神经系统靶向治疗。目前的治疗已经多数用鞘膜化疗(IT)取代头盖骨放疗(CRT)。但是化疗会使得患者有导致神经认知损伤的风险。因此,研究人员进行了一项前瞻

急性成淋巴细胞性白血病(ALL)是最常见的儿科肿瘤,大约有29%的儿童癌症患者所患的是ALL。在过去的几十年中,ALL的预后已经有了实质性的改善,现在ALL的十年总生存率接近90%。生存率之所以提高是因为治疗手段的进步,包括预防性的中枢神经系统靶向治疗。目前的治疗已经多数用鞘膜化疗(IT)取代头盖骨放疗(CRT)。但是化疗会使得患者有导致神经认知损伤的风险。因此,研究人员进行了一项前瞻性纵向研究来阐明易受伤害人群中神经发育的轨迹。

研究表明,神经认知功能在完全治疗后成熟了大约两年;但是,总体的数据表明接受过放疗的儿童出现了显著性的注意力损伤和学习问题频率的更高。更高强度的中枢神经系统靶向放疗增加了注意力困难、处理速度和学习能力的风险。表现的改变的速率和方向随着诊断时的年龄和性别有着显著性的区别。

经过只接受化疗的两年后,神经认知功能大多是适当成熟了。但是,癌症幸存者中仍有更高的风险出现注意力的问题。在治疗结束时,注意力问题降低了两年后的学习能力。诊断时的年龄以及患者的性别可能会改变幸存者的神经认知发育。

原始出处:
Lisa M. Jacola et al. Longitudinal Assessment of Neurocognitive Outcomes in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated on a Contemporary Chemotherapy Protocol. JCO. Published Ahead of Print on February 8, 2016 as 10.1200/JCO.2015.64.3205

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    2016-10-26 lidong40
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    2016-02-18 膀胱癌
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    2016-02-18 neurowu
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