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Nat Commun:为何30岁后怀孕/流产易患乳腺癌?

2015-05-13 王英 生物通

使妇女能够母乳喂养新生儿的基因和激素,也可能会导致乳腺癌,特别是当第一次怀孕是在30岁之后。现在,研究人员已经发现,甲基转移酶DNMT1基因对于维持乳腺干细胞(使乳房能够在妊娠期间正常快速生长)以及肿瘤干细胞(可导致乳腺癌),是必不可少的。他们了解到,DNMT1基因在最常见的乳腺癌类型中,也是高度表达的。相关研究结果发表在最近的《自然通讯》(Nature Communications),本文通讯作

使妇女能够母乳喂养新生儿的基因和激素,也可能会导致乳腺癌,特别是当第一次怀孕是在30岁之后。

现在,研究人员已经发现,甲基转移酶DNMT1基因对于维持乳腺干细胞(使乳房能够在妊娠期间正常快速生长)以及肿瘤干细胞(可导致乳腺癌),是必不可少的。他们了解到,DNMT1基因在最常见的乳腺癌类型中,也是高度表达的。

相关研究结果发表在最近的《自然通讯》(Nature Communications),本文通讯作者、乔治亚摄政大学乔治亚医学院生物化学家Muthusamy Thangaraju博士说,相反,ISL1基因——一个肿瘤抑制基因和干细胞的自然控制机制,在妊娠以及癌症期间在乳腺中几乎是沉默的。

Thangaraju说:“DNMT1可直接调节ISL1。如果DNMT1的表达很高,这个ISL1基因就低。”当他们在小鼠中敲除DNMT1时,首次发现了这一联系,并指出了ISL1的增加。然后,他们着手研究人类乳腺癌细胞中发生了什么。

他们发现,ISL1在大多数人类乳腺癌中是沉默的,将其在人类乳腺癌细胞中的水平恢复到更高,可显著减少干细胞群及其导致的细胞生长和扩散,这都是癌症的特征。

当他们在乳腺癌小鼠模型中去除DNMT1基因时,Thangaraju说:“乳房同样也不会发育。”基因删除甚至对超级侵袭性的三阴性乳腺癌产生了影响。延伸阅读:玫瑰果提取物可治疗三阴性乳腺癌。

这些发现指出了乳腺癌新的治疗靶标,并可能使用ISL1的血浓度作为早期诊断乳腺癌的一种方式。事实上,他们发现,抗癫痫药物丙戊酸与化疗相结合,能够治疗乳腺癌,似乎可增加ISL1的表达,这可能有助于解释为什么药物对这些病人有效。科学家们正在筛选其它可能同样有效或更好的小分子。

乳腺干细胞有助于保持青春期和妊娠期乳房发育,这是乳腺细胞生长的两个动态周期。在怀孕期间,乳房会产生300倍以上的细胞,为产生母乳做好准备。Thangaraju说,这种大规模的生产,可能还包括肿瘤细胞——似乎随着年龄而增长的一种突变。本文第一作者、研究生Rajneesh Pathania说,当胎儿足月前流产时,本应成为乳腺细胞的不成熟细胞,可能更容易成为癌症。
DNMT1对于维持各种干细胞类型,是必不可少的,如造血干细胞,它们可产生各种类型的血细胞。但是科学家写道,它在调节形成乳房组织的干细胞,以及引发乳腺癌的过程中发挥什么作用,尚未得以研究。

虽然确切的原因还不清楚,但是如果第一次怀孕年龄在30岁以上,以及妇女妊娠期堕胎或流产,都有增加乳腺癌的风险。根据美国癌症协会介绍,永远不生孩子的女人患乳腺癌的风险也增加,而多次足月妊娠可进一步降低风险。

理论包括:发生在怀孕期间的激素诱导的乳腺细胞成熟,可能增加乳腺癌细胞产生的可能性。同时,大多数乳腺癌靠雌激素和孕激素而茁壮生长,它们在怀孕期间均高度表达,并且也会加速干细胞的生长。

在妊娠期间,干细胞也更多的进行自我制造,所以它们的数目增加约五倍。DNMT1水平也经历了类似的增长。

在五种不同类型的人类乳腺癌中,研究人员发现了高水平的DNMT1和ISL1关闭。Thangaraju说,即使是在实验室培养皿中,当他们干扰ISL1基因时,人类乳腺癌细胞和干细胞的活性明显降低。

原始出处:

Pathania R1, Ramachandran S1, Elangovan S1, Padia R1, Yang P2, Cinghu S2, Veeranan-Karmegam R1, Arjunan P1, Gnana-Prakasam JP1, Sadanand F3, Pei L4, Chang CS4, Choi JH5, Shi H6, Manicassamy S7, Prasad PD6, Sharma S8, Ganapathy V6, Jothi R2, Thangaraju M6.DNMT1 is essential for mammary and cancer stem cell maintenance and tumorigenesis.Nat Commun. 2015 Apr 24;6:6910. doi: 10.1038/ncomms7910.

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    2017-01-05 ys2323

    好怕啊!

    0

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    2016-03-20 liye789132251
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=168097, encodeId=7b6d16809e50, content=好怕啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160616/IMG5762A3665DC7B3997.jpg, createdBy=df0a1649089, createdName=ys2323, createdTime=Thu Jan 05 09:59:41 CST 2017, time=2017-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880650, encodeId=86301880650cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Mar 20 17:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=34493, encodeId=833334493b0, content=让人怕怕啊,已经过了30了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Wed Aug 05 11:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086788, encodeId=db142086e886c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 13:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=33704, encodeId=01ad33e04c5, content=哈哈…, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8681634464, createdName=shenyifeiyang, createdTime=Wed Jul 29 02:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=30725, encodeId=a70530e2579, content=早生娃, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a6a1604604, createdName=Gsurgeon, createdTime=Sat Jul 04 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24799, encodeId=d14724e994a, content=抓紧时间生育, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=159, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160515/IMG57380B859AD1F1019.jpg, createdBy=2c5c1621956, createdName=jasonuclear, createdTime=Mon May 25 09:25:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23313, encodeId=4acc23313eb, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Wed May 13 20:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-08-05 shneye

    让人怕怕啊,已经过了30了~~

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=168097, encodeId=7b6d16809e50, content=好怕啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160616/IMG5762A3665DC7B3997.jpg, createdBy=df0a1649089, createdName=ys2323, createdTime=Thu Jan 05 09:59:41 CST 2017, time=2017-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880650, encodeId=86301880650cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Mar 20 17:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=34493, encodeId=833334493b0, content=让人怕怕啊,已经过了30了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Wed Aug 05 11:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086788, encodeId=db142086e886c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 13:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=33704, encodeId=01ad33e04c5, content=哈哈…, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8681634464, createdName=shenyifeiyang, createdTime=Wed Jul 29 02:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=30725, encodeId=a70530e2579, content=早生娃, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a6a1604604, createdName=Gsurgeon, createdTime=Sat Jul 04 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24799, encodeId=d14724e994a, content=抓紧时间生育, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=159, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160515/IMG57380B859AD1F1019.jpg, createdBy=2c5c1621956, createdName=jasonuclear, createdTime=Mon May 25 09:25:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23313, encodeId=4acc23313eb, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Wed May 13 20:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-11-02 liuli5079
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=168097, encodeId=7b6d16809e50, content=好怕啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160616/IMG5762A3665DC7B3997.jpg, createdBy=df0a1649089, createdName=ys2323, createdTime=Thu Jan 05 09:59:41 CST 2017, time=2017-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880650, encodeId=86301880650cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Mar 20 17:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=34493, encodeId=833334493b0, content=让人怕怕啊,已经过了30了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Wed Aug 05 11:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086788, encodeId=db142086e886c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 13:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=33704, encodeId=01ad33e04c5, content=哈哈…, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8681634464, createdName=shenyifeiyang, createdTime=Wed Jul 29 02:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=30725, encodeId=a70530e2579, content=早生娃, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a6a1604604, createdName=Gsurgeon, createdTime=Sat Jul 04 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24799, encodeId=d14724e994a, content=抓紧时间生育, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=159, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160515/IMG57380B859AD1F1019.jpg, createdBy=2c5c1621956, createdName=jasonuclear, createdTime=Mon May 25 09:25:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23313, encodeId=4acc23313eb, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Wed May 13 20:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-07-29 shenyifeiyang

    哈哈…

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=168097, encodeId=7b6d16809e50, content=好怕啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160616/IMG5762A3665DC7B3997.jpg, createdBy=df0a1649089, createdName=ys2323, createdTime=Thu Jan 05 09:59:41 CST 2017, time=2017-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880650, encodeId=86301880650cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Mar 20 17:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=34493, encodeId=833334493b0, content=让人怕怕啊,已经过了30了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Wed Aug 05 11:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086788, encodeId=db142086e886c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 13:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=33704, encodeId=01ad33e04c5, content=哈哈…, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8681634464, createdName=shenyifeiyang, createdTime=Wed Jul 29 02:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=30725, encodeId=a70530e2579, content=早生娃, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a6a1604604, createdName=Gsurgeon, createdTime=Sat Jul 04 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24799, encodeId=d14724e994a, content=抓紧时间生育, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=159, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160515/IMG57380B859AD1F1019.jpg, createdBy=2c5c1621956, createdName=jasonuclear, createdTime=Mon May 25 09:25:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23313, encodeId=4acc23313eb, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Wed May 13 20:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-07-04 Gsurgeon

    早生娃

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=168097, encodeId=7b6d16809e50, content=好怕啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160616/IMG5762A3665DC7B3997.jpg, createdBy=df0a1649089, createdName=ys2323, createdTime=Thu Jan 05 09:59:41 CST 2017, time=2017-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880650, encodeId=86301880650cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Mar 20 17:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=34493, encodeId=833334493b0, content=让人怕怕啊,已经过了30了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Wed Aug 05 11:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086788, encodeId=db142086e886c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 13:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=33704, encodeId=01ad33e04c5, content=哈哈…, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8681634464, createdName=shenyifeiyang, createdTime=Wed Jul 29 02:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=30725, encodeId=a70530e2579, content=早生娃, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a6a1604604, createdName=Gsurgeon, createdTime=Sat Jul 04 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24799, encodeId=d14724e994a, content=抓紧时间生育, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=159, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160515/IMG57380B859AD1F1019.jpg, createdBy=2c5c1621956, createdName=jasonuclear, createdTime=Mon May 25 09:25:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23313, encodeId=4acc23313eb, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Wed May 13 20:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-25 jasonuclear

    抓紧时间生育

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=168097, encodeId=7b6d16809e50, content=好怕啊!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160616/IMG5762A3665DC7B3997.jpg, createdBy=df0a1649089, createdName=ys2323, createdTime=Thu Jan 05 09:59:41 CST 2017, time=2017-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880650, encodeId=86301880650cc, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Sun Mar 20 17:17:00 CST 2016, time=2016-03-20, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=34493, encodeId=833334493b0, content=让人怕怕啊,已经过了30了~~, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=209, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=9b159816, createdName=shneye, createdTime=Wed Aug 05 11:06:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2086788, encodeId=db142086e886c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=490750196b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#COMMUN#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=88, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=5019, encryptionId=490750196b, topicName=COMMUN)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7931272, createdName=liuli5079, createdTime=Mon Nov 02 13:17:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=33704, encodeId=01ad33e04c5, content=哈哈…, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=148, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=d8681634464, createdName=shenyifeiyang, createdTime=Wed Jul 29 02:48:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=30725, encodeId=a70530e2579, content=早生娃, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=155, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=0a6a1604604, createdName=Gsurgeon, createdTime=Sat Jul 04 23:51:00 CST 2015, time=2015-07-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=24799, encodeId=d14724e994a, content=抓紧时间生育, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=159, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160515/IMG57380B859AD1F1019.jpg, createdBy=2c5c1621956, createdName=jasonuclear, createdTime=Mon May 25 09:25:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=23313, encodeId=4acc23313eb, content=看看, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ee0d1618732, createdName=huaxipanxing, createdTime=Wed May 13 20:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-05-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-05-13 huaxipanxing

    看看

    0

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背景:丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶共济失调症突变蛋白(ATM)在维持基因组的完整性上是至关重要的。双链DNA的断裂,ATM磷酸化关键的下调蛋白质包括p53和BRCA1/2,编码着复杂的信号通路参与细胞周期停滞、DNA修复、衰老和凋亡。虽然ATM零星的突变很少发生在乳腺癌,在乳腺癌中其蛋白表达的状态及其临床意义仍不完善。我们的研究旨在调研在激素阳性(HPBC)和激素阴性(HNBC)早期乳腺癌(EBC)中,

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PALB2基因的突变易患乳腺癌,但携带PALB2突变的患者的预后尚未确定。一项来自欧洲的研究评估了有PALB2基因的女性乳腺癌患者和那些携带PALB2突变的乳腺癌患者10年生存率的比值比。研究人员在1996年至2012年间,调查了来自波兰的18家医院的浸润性乳腺癌患者,并且这些患者的PALB22基因已经有了两个有害突变(509_510delGA和172_175delTTGT)。对照组招募的4702

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