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只有 1% 的感染幽门螺杆菌可转为胃癌 目前对抗它需用四联抗生素

2017-11-23 陕西健康 健康界

又到了每年的体检季,很多人在体检中被查出幽门螺杆菌呈阳性或是弱阳性,也有一些人,每年体检幽门螺杆菌呈弱阳性。

又到了每年的体检季,很多人在体检中被查出幽门螺杆菌呈阳性或是弱阳性,也有一些人,每年体检幽门螺杆菌呈弱阳性。有读者致电,幽门螺杆菌真的和胃癌有关系吗?反复感染会增加患癌风险吗?自己是怎么被感染的?是否可以彻底治好?

确实与胃癌有关

西京医院消化五科时永全主任介绍,在我国幽门螺杆菌平均感染率为57%左右,西安市幽门螺杆菌平均感染率为60%左右,处于全国平均值。感染幽门螺杆菌后,确实与胃癌有一定的关系。幽门螺杆菌感染者比正常人可增加6倍左右的风险,而消灭幽门螺杆菌后,可降低30%—40%胃癌发生率。但由于感染幽门螺杆菌而诱发胃癌的比例仅为1%,并且从幽门螺杆菌到胃癌,需要15年—20年,甚至更长,所以说单纯的感染幽门螺杆菌并不可怕。

没症状不需治疗

即使感染了幽门螺杆菌,如果没有明显的感觉,也不需要治疗,时永全主任说。但如果患有消化性溃疡、慢性胃炎、贫血、子癫等疾病,幽门螺杆菌同时为阳性,为防止诱发胃癌,应尽快彻底治疗;凡是胃癌高危人群,如:出生在胃癌高发地区的人、直系亲属有胃癌患者、嗜烟、酒、喜欢吃辛辣刺激食物、作息时间不规律、生活方式不好的人,如感染幽门螺杆菌,也应及时治疗。另外,对于有腹胀、胃部隐痛、反酸等明显胃部不适的人,感染幽门螺杆菌后也应及时治疗。

抗生素需使用够时够量

西安市中心医院消化内科副主任庄坤说,西安市中心医院在2013年1月—6月,对门诊220例幽门螺杆菌感染者做过调研发现,患者对原先治疗幽门螺杆菌常用的三联抗生素耐药率

较2008年调研结果有所升高。这与老百姓平时滥用抗生素、抗生素使用量不足、时间不够有着很大的关系。目前对于幽门螺杆菌的治疗来说,应在医生指导下使用四联抗生素,最少吃两周,即使没有症状,只要开始吃药,就须使用够时够量。时永全主任说,反复的感染,不会增加胃癌风险,却会增加耐药的风险。因为治好再被感染的几率仅为3%—10%,如果反复感染就应考虑是治疗不彻底,反复治疗便会增加抗生素耐药性。


停药1个月后要复查

时永全主任说,抽血检查主要是检查体内抗体的,曾经感染过、现在正在被感染都会呈现出弱阳性或是阳性,而要确定是否正在感染,需通过碳13或碳14以及做胃镜的方式来确定,这三种方式的准确率都可达90%—95%,但因为碳14有一定的辐射,儿童、孕妇、哺乳期妇女以及备孕的人最好不要选择。庄坤副主任提醒,对于治疗幽门螺杆菌的患者来说,在四联抗生素停药一个月后,需再次复查,以确保彻底消除。

口口传播是最主要的感染途径

在感染人群中,家长传给孩子是最主要的感染途径,时永全主任说,孩子在母亲的子宫内是无菌的,即使母亲已经感染幽门螺杆菌,也不会传染给孩子,但在孩子出生后,家长近距离的给孩子喂奶、喂饭,甚至自己尝试后再给孩子喂都会将幽门螺杆菌传染给孩子。

庄坤副主任说,经常亲孩子的嘴、脸,近距离跟孩子说话等,也可能传染给孩子。对于成年人来说,常与幽门螺杆菌感染者近距离接触、一起吃饭也会增加感染几率。因此,无论在家,还是在外,为防止感染幽门螺杆菌,应分餐或使用公筷。

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    2018-04-22 kcb069
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1811737, encodeId=d7541811e37f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=751f8889423' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#螺杆菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88894, encryptionId=751f8889423, topicName=螺杆菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87b1109, createdName=kcb069, createdTime=Sun Apr 22 17:11:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=264288, encodeId=b7f72642883f, content=文章很好.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/10/23/557c1f19aaf5459a8405411e38903c4b.jpg, createdBy=dfc02088287, createdName=cscdliu, createdTime=Sat Nov 25 21:55:46 CST 2017, time=2017-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=264109, encodeId=d707264109fd, content=学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7c592194322, createdName=1209e435m98(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Nov 25 07:22:14 CST 2017, time=2017-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263930, encodeId=bc452639302e, content=谢谢分享. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:48 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263929, encodeId=6646263929b6, content=继续关注. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:43 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263928, encodeId=0eaa263928cf, content=继续学习. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:39 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263858, encodeId=ad0226385808, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/27/e6ae4d6996235d5b5d2f416737192359.jpg, createdBy=ba621669454, createdName=麻醉僧, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 07:57:43 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-25 cscdliu

    文章很好.学习了

    0

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    2017-11-25 1209e435m98(暂无昵称)

    学习了.谢谢分享!

    0

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    2017-11-24 doctorJiangchao

    谢谢分享.

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1811737, encodeId=d7541811e37f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=751f8889423' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#螺杆菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88894, encryptionId=751f8889423, topicName=螺杆菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87b1109, createdName=kcb069, createdTime=Sun Apr 22 17:11:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=264288, encodeId=b7f72642883f, content=文章很好.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/10/23/557c1f19aaf5459a8405411e38903c4b.jpg, createdBy=dfc02088287, createdName=cscdliu, createdTime=Sat Nov 25 21:55:46 CST 2017, time=2017-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=264109, encodeId=d707264109fd, content=学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7c592194322, createdName=1209e435m98(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Nov 25 07:22:14 CST 2017, time=2017-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263930, encodeId=bc452639302e, content=谢谢分享. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:48 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263929, encodeId=6646263929b6, content=继续关注. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:43 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263928, encodeId=0eaa263928cf, content=继续学习. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:39 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263858, encodeId=ad0226385808, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/27/e6ae4d6996235d5b5d2f416737192359.jpg, createdBy=ba621669454, createdName=麻醉僧, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 07:57:43 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-24 doctorJiangchao

    继续关注.

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1811737, encodeId=d7541811e37f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=751f8889423' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#螺杆菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88894, encryptionId=751f8889423, topicName=螺杆菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87b1109, createdName=kcb069, createdTime=Sun Apr 22 17:11:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=264288, encodeId=b7f72642883f, content=文章很好.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/10/23/557c1f19aaf5459a8405411e38903c4b.jpg, createdBy=dfc02088287, createdName=cscdliu, createdTime=Sat Nov 25 21:55:46 CST 2017, time=2017-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=264109, encodeId=d707264109fd, content=学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7c592194322, createdName=1209e435m98(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Nov 25 07:22:14 CST 2017, time=2017-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263930, encodeId=bc452639302e, content=谢谢分享. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:48 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263929, encodeId=6646263929b6, content=继续关注. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:43 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263928, encodeId=0eaa263928cf, content=继续学习. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:39 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263858, encodeId=ad0226385808, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/27/e6ae4d6996235d5b5d2f416737192359.jpg, createdBy=ba621669454, createdName=麻醉僧, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 07:57:43 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-24 doctorJiangchao

    继续学习.

    0

  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1811737, encodeId=d7541811e37f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=751f8889423' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#螺杆菌#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=47, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88894, encryptionId=751f8889423, topicName=螺杆菌)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=87b1109, createdName=kcb069, createdTime=Sun Apr 22 17:11:00 CST 2018, time=2018-04-22, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=264288, encodeId=b7f72642883f, content=文章很好.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/10/23/557c1f19aaf5459a8405411e38903c4b.jpg, createdBy=dfc02088287, createdName=cscdliu, createdTime=Sat Nov 25 21:55:46 CST 2017, time=2017-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=264109, encodeId=d707264109fd, content=学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=7c592194322, createdName=1209e435m98(暂无昵称), createdTime=Sat Nov 25 07:22:14 CST 2017, time=2017-11-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263930, encodeId=bc452639302e, content=谢谢分享. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:48 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263929, encodeId=6646263929b6, content=继续关注. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=91, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:43 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263928, encodeId=0eaa263928cf, content=继续学习. , beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzfPkmqRTH5rHib5mcib8Wb3QdXjhfOK1UubQL2lictjJFdFJ6Lc3cnnCOSWqxXZ4Kk6y5GdzDoy764R/0, createdBy=156e1644785, createdName=doctorJiangchao, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 10:54:39 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=263858, encodeId=ad0226385808, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://cdnapi.center.medsci.cn/medsci/head/2017/09/27/e6ae4d6996235d5b5d2f416737192359.jpg, createdBy=ba621669454, createdName=麻醉僧, createdTime=Fri Nov 24 07:57:43 CST 2017, time=2017-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-11-24 麻醉僧

    学习

    0

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