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JACC:房颤治疗新选择——经皮左心耳封堵术后设备相关血栓的预测因素

2021-07-24 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

心房颤动(房颤)是一种极为常见的心律失常。

心房颤动(房颤)是一种极为常见的心律失常。全世界范围内约3200万房颤患者,美国约500万房颤患者。35~59岁的中国人群中房颤患病率为0.42%,大于60岁的中国人群中房颤患病率为1.83%。房颤是造成卒中、充血性心力衰竭、全因死亡的重要危险因素。

左心耳是卒中最主要的来源。左心耳形状、肌小梁走行、梳状肌形状、房颤相关的炎症水平、心房重构以及血液高凝状态,都与血栓形成有关。目前,口服华法林或其他新型抗凝药物是CHA2DS2-VASc评分≥2分患者防止卒中以及系统性栓塞的方案之一。

很多患者因为高出血风险、依从性差、药物相互作用以及经济问题,会基本或者完全放弃抗凝治疗。目前,内科经皮左心耳封堵术(LAAO)作为一种安全而有效的手段,可以替代抗凝药物预防房颤患者卒中及系统性栓塞。除防止卒中外,还可有效改善心房重构,稳定内稳态。

PLAATO封堵器(美国Appriva Medical 公司)是首个经皮左心耳封堵装置,但是该封堵器的灵活性明显落后于Watchman、ACP封堵器。作为经皮左心耳封堵术最早期的封堵装置,证实了经皮左心耳封堵术的安全性和有效性,可以有效预防卒中风险。

设备相关血栓(DRT)一直被认为是LAAO Achilles’的一个主要问题。然而,关于DRT预测的数据仍然有限。为此,由美国Mayo诊所牵头通过多中心合作建立了一个DRT登记处,评估DRT的结果和预测因素,结果发表在JACC上。

37个国际中心提供了有无DRT的LAAO病例(与DRT病例的设备相匹配,时间上相关)。结果共有711名患者(237名有DRT,474名无DRT)被纳入研究。DRT组和无DRT组的随访时间相似,中位数分别为1.8年(四分位数范围:0.9-3.0年)与1.6年(1.0-2.9年)。

LAAO术后出现DRT的主要危险因素

24.9%、38.8%、16.0%和20.3%的患者在0至45天、45至180天、180至365天和>365天之间检测到DRT。DRT的存在与死亡、缺血性中风或全身性栓塞的复合终点风险升高137%有关(HR=2.37;95% CI,1.58-3.56),而由缺血性中风驱动的风险则升高249%(HR=3.49;95% CI:1.35-9.00)。

多变量分析确定了5个DRT风险因素:高凝血症(OR=17.50;95%CI:3.39-90.45),心包积液(OR=13.45;95%CI:1.46-123.52),肾功能不全(OR=4. 02;95%CI:1.22-13.25),植入深度距肺静脉边缘>10毫米(OR=2.41;95%CI:1.57-3.69),和非阵发性心房颤动(OR=1.90;95%CI:1.22-2.97)。

LAAO后出现DRT的时间以及LAAO出现主要复合终点的时间

换算成危险因素积分后,与没有任何危险因素的患者相比,DRT的危险积分≥2的患者的DRT风险增加了2.1倍。此外,在最后一次已知的随访中,25.3%的患者有DRT。LAAO后的出院用药对DRT没有影响。

由此可见,LAAO后的DRT与缺血事件有关。患者和手术的特定因素与DRT的风险有关,可能有助于对转诊的LAAO患者进行风险分层。

 

参考文献:

Predictors of Device-Related Thrombus Following Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021 Jul, 78 (4) 297–313

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    2022-03-24 ycmayy
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    2022-05-10 hbwxf
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    2021-07-26 jxrzshh
  7. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2061013, encodeId=ea8b2061013f2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=e70046e74d3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#封堵术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=46774, encryptionId=e70046e74d3, topicName=封堵术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c805395, createdName=ycmayy, createdTime=Thu Mar 24 22:28:58 CST 2022, time=2022-03-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1854965, encodeId=c767185496592, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=48351020537' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#JACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10205, encryptionId=48351020537, topicName=JACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=55ce62, createdName=hbwxf, createdTime=Tue May 10 04:28:58 CST 2022, time=2022-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1264366, encodeId=72b412643668d, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=daf1100226fb' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#预测因素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100226, encryptionId=daf1100226fb, topicName=预测因素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=a57b78, createdName=朱睿睿, createdTime=Mon Jul 26 06:28:58 CST 2021, time=2021-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1326833, encodeId=f6e1132683377, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=96c71804b7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#ACC#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=85, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=1804, encryptionId=96c71804b7, topicName=ACC)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e452500029, createdName=12498568m50暂无昵称, createdTime=Mon Jul 26 06:28:58 CST 2021, time=2021-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1360722, encodeId=e7791360e2279, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=9a9b4808877' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#左心耳封堵术#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=184, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48088, encryptionId=9a9b4808877, topicName=左心耳封堵术)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f34c147, createdName=ay2000fy, createdTime=Mon Jul 26 06:28:58 CST 2021, time=2021-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1455636, encodeId=a6a31455636b7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d15a4808371' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#左心耳#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=48083, encryptionId=d15a4808371, topicName=左心耳)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=386b5684768, createdName=jxrzshh, createdTime=Mon Jul 26 06:28:58 CST 2021, time=2021-07-26, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1002348, encodeId=21ec1002348fa, content=非常受用, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210724/725901dc0ed249ebba9d096aacddde3f/a89b874e17434adb82b0c2dff5f374f1.jpg, createdBy=c0225555986, createdName=@gxl, createdTime=Sat Jul 24 19:21:39 CST 2021, time=2021-07-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1031440, encodeId=56ce103144028, content=房颤,临床上碰到很多哦, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=心介, createdTime=Sat Jul 24 18:28:58 CST 2021, time=2021-07-24, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-24 @gxl

    非常受用

    0

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    2021-07-24 心介

    房颤,临床上碰到很多哦

    0

拓展阅读

牢记“不不高”!左心耳封堵术的适应证一览

临床中将左心耳封堵术的适应证总结为“不不高”三个字。

房颤的非药物预防卒中策略

本文将基于临床循证依据,对左心耳封堵术适应证进行介绍。

Clin Res Cardiol :2016 年至 2020 年德国导管左心耳封堵术住院结果

从2016年到2020年,心内封堵是德国主要的导管式LAA封堵手术,但住院安全性没有改善。

EuroPCR 2023:LAAC术后口服小剂量阿哌沙班抗凝 vs. DAPT治疗(ADALA试验)

迄今为止, LAAC术后尚无最佳抗栓治疗策略,目前推荐LAAC术后口服抗凝药(OAC)或抗血小板药物进行抗栓治疗,其中DAPT联合阿司匹林和氯吡格雷是应用最广的抗栓方案。

Stroke:心房颤动患者经皮左心耳封堵术后的早期卒中和死亡率

在这个当代真实世界的分析中,LAAO后的早期卒中率很低,大部分发生在设备植入后45天内。

JACC:房颤患者接受左心耳封堵术或新型口服抗凝剂治疗的4年预后比较

近日,发表在JACC杂志上的PRAGUE-17研究结果表明,左心耳封堵术(LAAC)在预防房颤(AF)高危人群的主要心血管、神经或出血事件方面不劣于直接口服抗凝剂(DOACs)。

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