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AATS 2013:亚肺叶与肺叶切除生存率相当

2013-06-09 佚名 爱唯医学网

  明尼阿波利斯一项纳入348例在筛查中发现ⅠA期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者的队列研究显示,亚肺叶切除术与肺叶切除术具有相似的肺癌生存率和总复发率。   主要研究者、纽约长老会Weill Cornell医疗中心胸外科主任Nasser Altorki医生在美国胸外科学会(AATS)2013年会上报告,经过中位时间73个月的随访,亚肺叶切除组(n=54)和肺叶切除组(n=2

  明尼阿波利斯一项纳入348例在筛查中发现ⅠA期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者的队列研究显示,亚肺叶切除术与肺叶切除术具有相似的肺癌生存率和总复发率。

  主要研究者、纽约长老会Weill Cornell医疗中心胸外科主任Nasser Altorki医生在美国胸外科学会(AATS)2013年会上报告,经过中位时间73个月的随访,亚肺叶切除组(n=54)和肺叶切除组(n=294)的肺癌死亡率分别为7%和10%(P=0.64)。两组的全因死亡率也相似,分别为17%和22%。


Dr. Nasser K. Altorki

  尽管肺叶切除术自1994年起便已成为切除早期NSCLC的标准术式,但有多项研究支持对周围肿瘤较小和肺功能储备较差的老年患者实施亚肺叶切除术。对于心肺功能良好的较年轻患者的最佳手术治疗仍存在争议,目前美国和日本各有一项在此类患者中对比评估肺叶与亚肺叶切除的大规模试验正在进行中。近期证据级别最高的一项研究(Interact. CardioVasc. Thorac. Surg. 2012;14:816-20)显示,肺叶切除术仍是此类患者的最佳手术选择,并且与解剖性肺段切除术相比,楔形切除术的生存率较低、复发率较高。这两种亚肺叶切除术常被合起来与肺叶切除术比较,但实际上从技术或肿瘤学角度来看,这两种术式是有区别的。

  在本项研究中,楔形切除术的复发率似乎高于肺段切除术。肺叶切除组和亚肺叶切除组分别有32例和8例患者复发(11% vs. 15%;P=0.40),其中亚肺叶切除术后复发病例接受的都是楔形切除术(8/38或21%)。

  本项研究纳入的348例患者均来自1993~2011年国际早期肺癌行动计划,均在CT筛查中发现实性结节而被诊断为ⅠA期NSCLC并接受了手术治疗。肺叶切除组与亚肺叶切除组在合并疾病方面没有明显差异,包括心脏病(6% vs. 11%)、慢性阻塞性肺病(15% vs. 26%)和糖尿病(9% vs. 7%),中位年龄分别为63岁和65岁,中位吸烟量分别为48和49包/年。肺叶切除组患者的肿瘤明显更大(13 vs. 11 mm),更多接受纵隔淋巴结活检(78% vs. 56%),人均切除的淋巴结也更多(8 vs. 5枚)。

  结果显示,所有患者的总体院内死亡率较低,为0.9%(3/348),Altorki医生表示这是优秀筛查中心可以达到的水平。肺叶切除组和亚肺叶切除组的10年生存率分别为88%和90%(log rank P=0.64)。肿瘤<2 cm的患者比例无明显差异(88% vs. 89%)。

  Cox回归分析显示,在校正上述潜在混淆因素后,仅有年龄[危险比(HR),2.9;P<0.0001]和严重气肿(HR,4.2;P=0.005)可预测生存率,而亚肺叶切除不是生存率的预测因素(HR,0.8;P=0.60)。

  特邀评论员、宾夕法尼亚大学医疗系统胸外科主任Joseph S. Friedberg医生评论称,“尽管参加本项研究的胸外科医生都有良好资质,但亚肺叶切除术却有70%为楔形切除术而非肺段切除术,而且亚肺叶切除组患者超过40%、肺叶切除组近25%的患者未曾接受纵隔淋巴结活检”令他感到惊讶。“根据肺癌研究组的分析和常识,我们有理由怀疑部分患者(尤其是亚肺叶切除患者)分期偏低和/或治疗不足,然而该研究的结果却与文献中报道的一样好,您如何解释这一点?”

  Altorki医生答复称,对纵隔区域的评估情况并不理想,有必要加强有关纵隔评估的预后和治疗价值的患者教育,不过该研究中的纵隔淋巴结活检率仍然远高于文献数据。他还推测,多数患者接受的是电视辅助胸腔镜手术(VATS),而在VATS中评估纵隔淋巴结的难度大于开放手术。

  他还表示,很多外科医生可能认为楔形切除术与解剖性肺段切除术对1~1.2 cm肿瘤的治疗效果相当,“这是目前正在进行中的随机试验要解决的一个问题”。

  Altorki医生报告称无相关利益冲突。

Survival equivalent with sublobar, lobar resection of stage Ia NSCLC
MINNEAPOLIS – Sublobar resection and lobectomy resulted in equivalent lung cancer survival and overall recurrence rates in a screen-detected cohort of 348 stage IA non–small-cell lung cancer patients.
In all, 7% of patients (4/54) who underwent sublobar resection and 10% of those (29/294) who underwent lobectomy died of lung cancer after a median follow-up of 73 months (P = .64).
All-cause mortality was also statistically similar at 17% and 22%, said Dr. Nasser Altorki, professor of cardiothoracic surgery and director of thoracic surgery at New York Presbyterian–Weill Cornell Medical Center in New York.
Although lobectomy has been the standard of care for resection of early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer since 1994, several studies support sublobar resection in patients with small peripheral tumors and the elderly with compromised pulmonary reserve.

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