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Science:儿童疫苗分开打还是集中打?

2017-04-29 MedSci MedSci原创

“替代”疫苗接种计划将需要在6年内进行19次接种,其中12次在2岁以下。要求更多的就诊次数增加了父母的负担,并且可能会让孩子在等候接种过程中感染更多的疾病。

带自己的宝宝去接种疫苗,接种之后宝宝就发烧了病了几天。家里的老人就抱怨,小小的宝宝一次打这么多针会不会负担太重?初为父母的你有没有遇到过这样的情况?面对家里长辈的质疑,以及各种“伪育儿经”的鼓吹,你又能拿出怎样的干货来反驳呢?最新的一期Science杂志上发表了一篇戳破各种对于疫苗接种的假新闻的社论,其中包括:疫苗分开打并不会对小孩子有任何好处。

一些疫苗怀疑论者认为,美国疾病控制和预防中心(CDC)目前的疫苗接种计划,旨在在两周岁之前接种疫苗保护儿童免受14种疾病的影响,这一接种计划需要在太短时间内接种太多的疫苗,过早频繁地接种疫苗会造成儿童早期免疫系统超载。怀疑论者还认为,这种免疫系统的超负荷使儿童容易患上许多过免疫疾病,包括神经发育迟缓和糖尿病

对于这种怀疑论的持有者,CDC专家反驳了这些观点:孩子的免疫系统每天必须处理数以千计的外来抗原,而于2014年发表的疫苗接种推荐计划会使一名儿童在两岁前只接受约300种抗原。据宾夕法尼亚州费城儿童医院疫苗专家Paul Offit估计,即使是一次性给予新生婴儿接种11种疫苗也只会一度暂时“用尽”儿童免疫系统的0.1%。尽管多年来推荐的疫苗数量有所增加,但疫苗开发技术的进展使这些疫苗中所含的抗原数量已经比原来减少,但是自闭症和糖尿病的发病率却依然增加。

在2015年发表在儿科杂志上的534名儿科医生和家庭医生的调查中,只有约1%的人同意将疫苗分散开来。但几乎所有这些医生都会因为父母提出的要求将疫苗接种的时间分散开来,有些医生也应此发表了“替代”疫苗接种计划。但是替代计划本身也有许多问题,Offit说:最明显的是延长时间表使儿童容易患上危险疾病。延长接种疫苗的间隔也会使得孩子更有可能不会得到所有的疫苗。 Offit说,“替代”疫苗接种计划将需要在6年内进行19次接种,其中12次在2岁以下。要求更多的就诊次数增加了父母的负担,并且可能会让孩子在等候接种过程中感染更多的疾病。

原始出处:
Lindzi Wessel et al. Vaccine myths. Science 28 Apr 2017:Vol. 356, Issue 6336, pp. 368-372DOI: 10.1126/science.356.6336.368

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=192855, encodeId=6a0519285550, content=文章很好,拜读了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue May 02 11:40:51 CST 2017, time=2017-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=192615, encodeId=abed192615c3, content=学习一下觉得非常好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Mon May 01 21:18:28 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375569, encodeId=67fc13e556924, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Mon May 01 00:10:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191758, encodeId=bd54191e588a, content=现在现在越来越流行多价的疫苗,那样就可以一次解决很多问题了。但是有些疫苗他要多次接种这是没有办法的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:43:11 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191757, encodeId=f6b3191e576d, content=谢谢,有用的文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:42:46 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-02 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章很好,拜读了

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=192855, encodeId=6a0519285550, content=文章很好,拜读了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue May 02 11:40:51 CST 2017, time=2017-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=192615, encodeId=abed192615c3, content=学习一下觉得非常好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Mon May 01 21:18:28 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375569, encodeId=67fc13e556924, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Mon May 01 00:10:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191758, encodeId=bd54191e588a, content=现在现在越来越流行多价的疫苗,那样就可以一次解决很多问题了。但是有些疫苗他要多次接种这是没有办法的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:43:11 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191757, encodeId=f6b3191e576d, content=谢谢,有用的文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:42:46 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-01 虈亣靌

    学习一下觉得非常好

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=192855, encodeId=6a0519285550, content=文章很好,拜读了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue May 02 11:40:51 CST 2017, time=2017-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=192615, encodeId=abed192615c3, content=学习一下觉得非常好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Mon May 01 21:18:28 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375569, encodeId=67fc13e556924, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Mon May 01 00:10:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191758, encodeId=bd54191e588a, content=现在现在越来越流行多价的疫苗,那样就可以一次解决很多问题了。但是有些疫苗他要多次接种这是没有办法的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:43:11 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191757, encodeId=f6b3191e576d, content=谢谢,有用的文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:42:46 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-01 jichang
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=192855, encodeId=6a0519285550, content=文章很好,拜读了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue May 02 11:40:51 CST 2017, time=2017-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=192615, encodeId=abed192615c3, content=学习一下觉得非常好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Mon May 01 21:18:28 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375569, encodeId=67fc13e556924, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Mon May 01 00:10:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191758, encodeId=bd54191e588a, content=现在现在越来越流行多价的疫苗,那样就可以一次解决很多问题了。但是有些疫苗他要多次接种这是没有办法的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:43:11 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191757, encodeId=f6b3191e576d, content=谢谢,有用的文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:42:46 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-29 lovetcm

    现在现在越来越流行多价的疫苗,那样就可以一次解决很多问题了。但是有些疫苗他要多次接种这是没有办法的

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=192855, encodeId=6a0519285550, content=文章很好,拜读了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue May 02 11:40:51 CST 2017, time=2017-05-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=192615, encodeId=abed192615c3, content=学习一下觉得非常好, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mONcle9pic3zMoyicyo6ia9f4IuLQAwZoxD6Hx4ibd5CMcOCYhStY6oDibbKK6O2X8iaicldO5ib8j1iapOIobIKCGiczU2A/0, createdBy=56251941490, createdName=虈亣靌, createdTime=Mon May 01 21:18:28 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375569, encodeId=67fc13e556924, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=50, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Mon May 01 00:10:00 CST 2017, time=2017-05-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191758, encodeId=bd54191e588a, content=现在现在越来越流行多价的疫苗,那样就可以一次解决很多问题了。但是有些疫苗他要多次接种这是没有办法的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=63, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4a5105539, createdName=lovetcm, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:43:11 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=191757, encodeId=f6b3191e576d, content=谢谢,有用的文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Sat Apr 29 09:42:46 CST 2017, time=2017-04-29, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-04-29 flysky120

    谢谢,有用的文章

    0

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