Nature & Genes&Dev & EMBO J：肠癌背后的基因错误

2015-09-11 佚名生物谷

随着肿瘤产生发展错误就会频频出现，而且每次一旦细胞分裂产生产生两个细胞，这些错误就会发生改变而且不断变得多样化；但在某些时候早期事件引发的癌症通常会被直接发现，就拿肠道癌来说，科学界在几乎30年来都认为是一种特殊的基因引发肠癌的发生。早在20世纪80年来来自英国癌症研究中心的科学家就发现了一种名为APC的腺瘤样息肉基因的错误拷贝，而且研究者在10例肠癌患者中就发现有8名患者携带APC的

随着肿瘤产生发展错误就会频频出现，而且每次一旦细胞分裂产生产生两个细胞，这些错误就会发生改变而且不断变得多样化；但在某些时候早期事件引发的癌症通常会被直接发现，就拿肠道癌来说，科学界在几乎30年来都认为是一种特殊的基因引发肠癌的发生。早在20世纪80年来来自英国癌症研究中心的科学家就发现了一种名为APC的腺瘤样息肉基因的错误拷贝，而且研究者在10例肠癌患者中就发现有8名患者携带APC的错误拷贝。

当APC错误在肠道内皮细胞中发生时就会引发接二连三的生长信号，从而促进细胞失控地复制，进而引发肠癌，而很多年来，研究者在多种疾病的研究中都肯定了APC错误的重要性。在正常的肠道细胞中，APC其中一项关键工作就是维持细胞中β连环蛋白的水平处于约束状态，一旦APC发生损伤，β连环蛋白水平就会增加，使得细胞暴露于多种生长信号中，从而细胞就会一直生长，这些信号被称为Wnt信号通路，其在肠癌的发病过程中扮演着重要角色。

肠道可以分为两部分—小肠组织和大肠组织，此前对小鼠进行研究发现，关闭肠道细胞中APC的功能就会引发小肠和大肠发生肿瘤。于是来自国外的研究人员就表示，为了观察是否APC的缺失会通过β连环蛋白来诱发肠癌，我们检测了是否工程化地含有错误的、活性版本β连环蛋白的细胞可以引发肿瘤。

研究者表示，我们在小鼠机体中测定了E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)的水平，结果发现，相比小肠而言，大肠中的E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)水平较高，而且E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)的水平的增加的确可以帮助清理过多的β连环蛋白，从而抑制肠道中肿瘤的发生。β连环蛋白的错误在人类肠癌中并不常见，然而APC错误却在100例患者中的80例患者身上都会发生。

研究者David表示，是否改变E-钙黏蛋白的清理水平就可以帮助有效抑制肿瘤发生呢？研究者表示E-钙黏蛋白可以帮助有效抑制肠癌的发生。后期研究者们将进行更多深入的研究解析引发肠癌的分子机理，他们期望早日开发出治疗肠癌的新型个体化疗法。

原文出处：

The Cancer Genome Atlas Network.Comprehensive molecular characterization of human colon and rectal cancer. nature.2015

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2016-06-21 fzwish20000

#Dev#

56 0
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2016-08-12 cy0324

#Gene#

54 0
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2016-01-26 doctording1

这篇文章有一定深度

159 0
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2016-01-26 doctording1

是一篇不错的文章

127 0
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2015-12-30 xyfg98

赞

156 0
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2016-03-09 liye789132251

#Nat#

62 0

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