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Nat Nanotechnol:梁兴杰课题组在纳米材料抗药物成瘾作用与机制研究中取得进展

2017-04-28 佚名 国家纳米科学中心

当前影响人类健康和生活质量的成瘾性药物包括:鸦片、吗啡、海洛因、甲基苯丙胺、可卡因等。其中甲基苯丙胺(俗称冰毒)极易引起人体对其极其严重的精神依赖性,据2011年研究统计,仅在美国就有120万人依赖性使用甲基苯丙胺,其滥用是非常严重的世界性公共卫生问题之一。目前的临床治疗并不足以有效控制“毒瘾”,其复吸率仍高达95%。碳纳米管作为多年来备受关注新型的纳米材料,因其独特的理化性质通常作为生物支架材料

当前影响人类健康和生活质量的成瘾性药物包括:鸦片、吗啡、海洛因、甲基苯丙胺、可卡因等。其中甲基苯丙胺(俗称冰毒)极易引起人体对其极其严重的精神依赖性,据2011年研究统计,仅在美国就有120万人依赖性使用甲基苯丙胺,其滥用是非常严重的世界性公共卫生问题之一。目前的临床治疗并不足以有效控制“毒瘾”,其复吸率仍高达95%。碳纳米管作为多年来备受关注新型的纳米材料,因其独特的理化性质通常作为生物支架材料和药物载体,应用于各种疾病的诊断和治疗实验研究中。

梁兴杰研究员所带领的团队与沈阳药科大学吴春福教授、以及美国国立卫生院成瘾研究所席正雄博士合作,提出了一种以单壁碳纳米管自身作为药物活性成分而非支架材料或药物载体的全新治疗策略,研究了单壁碳纳米管对抗甲基苯丙胺所致精神依赖性的实验效果及作用机制。首次揭示了单壁碳纳米管对甲基苯丙胺所致精神依赖性的显着逆转作用,以及不同构型的单壁碳纳米管的作用差异。研究发现小鼠脑室给予2ng极低剂量的单壁碳纳米管,就可以显着抑制甲基苯丙胺引起的小鼠自身给药与条件位置偏爱行为,有效阻止甲基苯丙胺或线索诱发的药物渴求;还发现单分散型和聚合态单壁碳纳米管的药效差异,其中聚合态单壁碳纳米管更具优势,其机制与吸附并氧化多巴胺,进而调节多巴胺奖赏通路,明显改善纹状体、皮层的多巴胺转运体及突触形态有关,这为进一步讨论碳纳米材料的构效关系提供了重要依据。值得关注的是,在聚合态单壁碳纳米管有效剂量范围内,动物的运动、摄食及饮水等一般行为并未受到显着影响,也未发现中枢神经系统的病理性变化,具有良好的安全性,从而显示出很好的抗成瘾性药物精神依赖性潜质。该研究已在Nature Nanotechnology杂志上发表,题目为“Aggregated single-walled carbon nanotubes attenuate the behavioural and neurochemical effects of methamphetamine in mice”。

相较单分散单壁碳纳米管(iSWNT),聚合态单壁碳纳米管(aSWNT)可以通过氧化多巴胺(DA)和多巴胺前体酪氨酸(Tyr),阻止甲基苯丙胺引起的多巴胺代谢系统内的胞外多巴胺激增,改善脑内细胞的病理状态,且显着改进甲基苯丙胺所致的小鼠自身给药、条件性位置偏爱行为以及对药物的渴求行为。

国家纳米科学中心和中科院纳米科学卓越中心梁兴杰研究员、沈阳药科大学吴春福教授以及美国国立卫生院成瘾研究所席正雄博士为本文的共同通讯作者。国家纳米科学中心毕业的博士生薛雪带领团队设计完成了该研究并撰写文章,与沈阳药科大学的杨静玉教授以及美国国立卫生院成瘾研究所博士后Ye He为本文的共同第一作者。

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    2018-04-01 liye789132251
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    2017-07-18 shock_melon
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    2017-05-02 1e145228m78(暂无匿称)

    学习了,谢谢作者分享!

    0

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    2017-04-29 天涯183

    非常好的文章,学习了,很收益

    0

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    2017-04-28 䖝二

    优秀

    0

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