Baidu
map

Science :科学家揭秘大脑神经元回路的连线规则

2015-12-03 佚名 生物谷

图片来源:medicalxpress.com 我们的大脑中包含着数亿万个神经元,而这些神经元又通过数百万亿个突触进行连接,尽管揭开这些连接看似不可能完成的任务,但近日一项刊登在国际著名杂志Science上的研究论文中,来自贝勒医学院的研究人员就成功完成了这项任务,研究人员在文章中成功解析了小鼠大脑皮层中神经元的连接方式,大脑皮层是大脑的外层结构,其被认为主要负责机体认知和感觉功能的发挥。

图片来源:medicalxpress.com

我们的大脑中包含着数亿万个神经元,而这些神经元又通过数百万亿个突触进行连接,尽管揭开这些连接看似不可能完成的任务,但近日一项刊登在国际著名杂志Science上的研究论文中,来自贝勒医学院的研究人员就成功完成了这项任务,研究人员在文章中成功解析了小鼠大脑皮层中神经元的连接方式,大脑皮层是大脑的外层结构,其被认为主要负责机体认知和感觉功能的发挥。

研究者希望这种复杂的连接方式可以分解为多个指导大脑皮层网络装配的小分支,而大脑皮层中局部回路的基本连线可以通过一系列的互连规则(Connectivity Rules)所捕获,这些规则在大脑皮层中处于不断循环中。Xiaolong Jiang博士表示,这是迄今为止我们所能尝试的绘制成熟大脑皮层线路图的最深入的一项研究,我们想确定在大脑皮层中发现的细胞类型以及如何创建局部回路的连线图。

文章中,利用先进的组织切片方法以及恢复神经元形态的特殊技术,研究者鉴别出了15种抑制性神经元,这种神经元可以抑制大脑回路中的电活性,利用同步全细胞记录方法,研究者们就可以对神经元间的电生理特性进行描述,同时绘制出其连接图谱,并且阐明这些神经元如何同附近的兴奋性神经元之间进行链接的。

Jiang表示,我们在多种形态分类的神经元间检测了超过1.1万对连接,发现了可以控制神经元间连接的三种基本准则,首先有两种神经元可以在大脑局部回路中抑制所有类型的神经元活性,其次特性类型的抑制性神经元可以具有选择性地进行连接并且关闭某些中间神经元,而且并不会同其它兴奋神经细胞进行沟通,第三种原则就涉及了很多抑制性神经元,其可以优先抑制自身类型神经元的活性,同时与兴奋性神经元进行连接。

另一位研究者Andreas Tolias教授表示,我们发现这些规则存在于大脑皮层的不同皮层结构间,本文研究发现,复杂的大脑皮层连接可以被拆解成为多种小类的连接规则,从而为理解局部大脑皮层的回路连接提供了一定思路,当然也可以帮助理解大脑的工作原理。

此外,研究者还希望可以帮助理解多种神经性疾病,比如自闭症谱系障碍及癫痫症的发病机制,从而为开发新型动物模型或新型疗法来治疗上述疾病提供希望和研究基础。

原文出处:

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (6)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1703713, encodeId=0f3a1e037137a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8db4394487' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43944, encryptionId=a8db4394487, topicName=大脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5d2b30558460, createdName=yangwen5719, createdTime=Sun Apr 10 23:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709599, encodeId=6d761e0959942, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a919849e3ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84973, encryptionId=a919849e3ff, topicName=脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b8031759349, createdName=siiner, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 02:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48969, encodeId=a8984896926, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48970, encodeId=abc8489e0bd, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375129, encodeId=343513e512991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44743, encodeId=528044e43ae, content=大脑是高级的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 12:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1703713, encodeId=0f3a1e037137a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8db4394487' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43944, encryptionId=a8db4394487, topicName=大脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5d2b30558460, createdName=yangwen5719, createdTime=Sun Apr 10 23:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709599, encodeId=6d761e0959942, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a919849e3ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84973, encryptionId=a919849e3ff, topicName=脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b8031759349, createdName=siiner, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 02:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48969, encodeId=a8984896926, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48970, encodeId=abc8489e0bd, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375129, encodeId=343513e512991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44743, encodeId=528044e43ae, content=大脑是高级的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 12:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-04-01 siiner
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1703713, encodeId=0f3a1e037137a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8db4394487' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43944, encryptionId=a8db4394487, topicName=大脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5d2b30558460, createdName=yangwen5719, createdTime=Sun Apr 10 23:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709599, encodeId=6d761e0959942, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a919849e3ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84973, encryptionId=a919849e3ff, topicName=脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b8031759349, createdName=siiner, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 02:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48969, encodeId=a8984896926, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48970, encodeId=abc8489e0bd, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375129, encodeId=343513e512991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44743, encodeId=528044e43ae, content=大脑是高级的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 12:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 hixiaoluo

    好文章,值得收藏

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1703713, encodeId=0f3a1e037137a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8db4394487' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43944, encryptionId=a8db4394487, topicName=大脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5d2b30558460, createdName=yangwen5719, createdTime=Sun Apr 10 23:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709599, encodeId=6d761e0959942, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a919849e3ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84973, encryptionId=a919849e3ff, topicName=脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b8031759349, createdName=siiner, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 02:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48969, encodeId=a8984896926, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48970, encodeId=abc8489e0bd, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375129, encodeId=343513e512991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44743, encodeId=528044e43ae, content=大脑是高级的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 12:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-27 hixiaoluo

    好文章,值得收藏

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1703713, encodeId=0f3a1e037137a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8db4394487' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43944, encryptionId=a8db4394487, topicName=大脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5d2b30558460, createdName=yangwen5719, createdTime=Sun Apr 10 23:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709599, encodeId=6d761e0959942, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a919849e3ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84973, encryptionId=a919849e3ff, topicName=脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b8031759349, createdName=siiner, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 02:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48969, encodeId=a8984896926, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48970, encodeId=abc8489e0bd, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375129, encodeId=343513e512991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44743, encodeId=528044e43ae, content=大脑是高级的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 12:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-05 jichang
  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1703713, encodeId=0f3a1e037137a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a8db4394487' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#大脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=43944, encryptionId=a8db4394487, topicName=大脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=5d2b30558460, createdName=yangwen5719, createdTime=Sun Apr 10 23:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1709599, encodeId=6d761e0959942, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a919849e3ff' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#脑神经#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=84973, encryptionId=a919849e3ff, topicName=脑神经)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=8b8031759349, createdName=siiner, createdTime=Fri Apr 01 02:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-04-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48969, encodeId=a8984896926, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=48970, encodeId=abc8489e0bd, content=好文章,值得收藏, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=151, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=bc301610909, createdName=hixiaoluo, createdTime=Sun Dec 27 08:41:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375129, encodeId=343513e512991, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Sat Dec 05 09:59:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=44743, encodeId=528044e43ae, content=大脑是高级的, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=139, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2d331664955, createdName=老段, createdTime=Fri Dec 04 12:23:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-04, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-04 老段

    大脑是高级的

    0

相关资讯

神经细胞如何连接?6张图为您揭秘!

1.神经元是构成神经系统结构和功能的基本单位。细胞突起是由细胞体延伸出来的细长部分,细胞突起又可分为树突和轴突。每个神经元可以有一或多个树突,可以接受刺激并将兴奋传入细胞体。每个神经元只有一个轴突,可以把兴奋从胞体传送到另一个神经元或其他组织。 2.人的大脑就是由神经细胞所组成的错综复杂的网络系统,这些神经细胞相互之间通过突触间进行交流。任何声音、景物、身体活动,只要是新

Cell:科学家开发出数字大脑

图片来源:medicalxpress.com 2015年10月13日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --如果你想研究某种东西如何工作,那么一种方法就是把它拆开,然后再组装上去,10多年以来,一项名为蓝脑计划(Blue Brain Project)的全球性研究项目正在尝试利用幼年小鼠的大脑来上述操作,目前这项研究计划仅提供了一项大脑重建的“初稿”,其包含了超过3.1万个的大脑神经元、55个细胞层以

美研究人员发现入梦“开关”

美国加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校研究人员在实验小鼠脑部特定神经细胞内植入“开关”,再以激光束激活这部分神经元,促使处于睡眠状态的实验鼠快速“入梦”。 伯克利分校神经生物学教授丹扬介绍,这项研究所针对的神经细胞,在脑干最下方与脊髓相连的延髓区域,作为构成神经系统功能的基本单元,能释放发挥神经传递素作用的伽玛氨酪酸,在实验鼠清醒并进食时最为活跃。 研究人员把一个光敏离子通道嵌入所谓“伽

Cell stem cell:小分子“鸡尾酒”让星形胶质细胞变身功能神经元

一组小分子“鸡尾酒”能够将人类星形胶质细胞重编程为功能性神经元细胞   由人类星形胶质细胞转化得到的神经元能够在保持活性的状态下存活超过5个月   化学物质诱导的重编程是通过表观遗传和转录调控介导的   由人类星形胶质细胞转化得到的神经元能够融入小鼠的脑     近日,来自宾夕法尼亚州立大学的华人科学家在国际学术期刊cell

Nature:科学家发现细菌的“社交”秘密

加州圣地亚哥分校的生物学家们最近发现那些看上去十分低端,单一化的细菌事实上十分复杂。它们拥有精密的社交方式以及类似于电信号传导一样的通讯功能,就像人类大脑中的神经元一样。 该项研究发表于最近一期的《自然》杂志上,文章中作者们详细介绍了细菌之间相互交流采用的具体方式,他们称之为"离子通道"。   "我们的发现改变了长久以来人们对细菌的看法,同时改变了我们对于大脑工作方式的看法",

Cell:科学家深入剖析并阐明大脑的结构

图片来源:medicalxpress.com 近日,一项发表于国际杂志Cell上的研究论文中,来自哈佛大学等处的研究者成功在纳米尺寸上对小鼠大脑的一部分进行了综合成像,该研究或为理解学习改变大脑的机制提供一定的思路和帮助。 文章中,研究者对小鼠的大脑进行图像采集并且进行了流水线式的分析,Lichtman表示,其中让我们惊奇的是,轴突通常会在相同的树突位置产生两个、三个甚至更多的突触,而当前

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map