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定制 “无癌宝宝”,第三代试管婴儿技术让后代逃脱厄运

2016-12-01 佚名 生物探索

此前,对于有家族史的癌症患者而言,生育“无癌宝宝”是个美好的愿望,如今第三代试管婴儿技术让它变成现实。本文分享了一位有乳腺癌家族史的女性生育“无癌宝宝”的经历,如今宝宝已经1岁了。这一成功的案例告诉人们,试管婴儿技术的进步能让越来越多具有家族遗传史的人有机会生育健康的宝宝。具有癌症家族史,生育抉择很艰难案例的主人公名叫Danielle Taggar,与好莱坞明星安吉莉娜·朱莉一样,她也携带着BRC

此前,对于有家族史的癌症患者而言,生育“无癌宝宝”是个美好的愿望,如今第三代试管婴儿技术让它变成现实。本文分享了一位有乳腺癌家族史的女性生育“无癌宝宝”的经历,如今宝宝已经1岁了。这一成功的案例告诉人们,试管婴儿技术的进步能让越来越多具有家族遗传史的人有机会生育健康的宝宝。
具有癌症家族史,生育抉择很艰难

案例的主人公名叫Danielle Taggar,与好莱坞明星安吉莉娜·朱莉一样,她也携带着BRCA1基因突变,因而患乳腺癌的风险高达90%。于是她决定在28岁时接受乳房切除术,三十多岁时接受全子宫切除手术,因此不得不在相对年轻的时候生育。

渴望成为一位母亲,但又担心孩子得不到平等的健康机会,24岁的Taggar看着母亲、阿姨和表姐与乳腺癌战斗,她觉得自己很可能就是下一个对抗乳腺癌的人。她的母亲今年50岁,目前已经接受了乳房切除术、子宫切除术和化疗。

英国癌症研究中心的数据显示,英国大约有72400名女性携带BRCA1或BRCA2基因突变。男性携带这类突变时患乳腺癌的风险为1%,但携带BRCA2突变时患前列腺癌的风险为25%,而且将突变遗传给下一代的概率为50%。

这个家庭多年来一直被癌症困扰,他们希望下一代可以摆脱这种困扰。“当知道自己携带突变基因时,我很不安。如果有机会让自己的孩子免受这种疾病的困扰,我不得不去尝试。”Taggar坚定的说。

第三代试管婴儿技术帮助癌症家庭实现健康生育梦
Taggar一家

2013年,Taggar前往医院进行遗传咨询,医生告诉她一种新的IVF治疗可以帮助她怀上不携带致命突变的孩子。得知有希望让后代摆脱家族性癌症的困扰之后,她立刻决定尝试。医生所说的这种新的IVF治疗实际上就是指第三代试管婴儿技术,包含了胚胎植入前遗传学诊断和筛查
Taggar在诺丁汉的 CARE Fertility诊所首次接受了价格为£9000的生育治疗,该疗程由NHS资助。她承认这是一个艰巨的经历,但是她和丈夫都坚信这种技术会帮助他们生育健康的宝宝。

由于这对夫妇难以通过常规的体外受精来受孕,因而治疗团队给Taggar注射激素以尽可能多的产生卵子。Taggar说,“我一点都不担心注射激素,我们更关心的是宝宝的健康,我不希望他的基因中存在一些我无法忍受的东西。”

生育专家将搜集到的9个卵子与Taggar丈夫的精子进行受精,在生成的胚胎中能存活的不到一半。接下来他们利用植入前遗传学诊断技术对胚胎进行检测,以判断这些胚胎是否携带缺陷基因。结果发现4个胚胎中有3个携带突变基因,这就意味着这对夫妇可用的只有1个胚胎。

虽然概率很低,但这次治疗很成功,Taggar如愿地怀上不携带基因突变的宝宝。这让她无比兴奋,但她仍十分谨慎,担心怀孕过程中会出现意外。在妊娠7周时她去医院做了全面的检查,直到医生确定胎儿正常后她才放心。

Taggar把这名通过第三代试管婴儿技术诞生的孩子取名为Knowing Noah。如今Noah已经1岁了,刚刚学会爬行。重要的是他没携带致癌基因突变,这让 Taggar的生活变得与众不同,“看着家人患上癌症,这是十分可怕的,我很高兴儿子患病的概率比其他人都低。我对自己选择体外受精治疗的举动感到很自豪,这样一来我的儿子可以健康快乐的活着,而不用担心疾病什么发生。”

然而,如果这对夫妇想要另外一个小孩,他们不得不自己支付生育治疗的费用。不过他们表示会努力这么做。

生育专家Colleen Lynch表示,在过去的两年中,他们已经治疗了四对夫妇。“人们之所以会选择这项技术,是因为他们已经看到了家人死于癌症。虽然可以自然受孕,但他们不希望孩子遭受同样的折磨。如果胚胎的BRCA基因未发生突变,那么意味着后代患乳腺癌、卵巢癌和前列腺癌的风险会大大降低。我们使用植入前遗传学诊断技术(PGD)技术可以确保这种情况得以实现。”

中国首例“无癌宝宝”已经诞生

2015年3月23日,我国首例“无癌宝宝”于中信湘雅生殖与遗传专科医院诞生。通过基因检测发现,“无癌宝宝”父亲的致病突变为RB1基因,导致蛋白编码的错误,造成恶性肿瘤的高发风险。母亲曾怀孕一次,但在孕中期产前诊断发现胎儿有与父亲一样的致病突变,从而终止了妊娠。医生采用辅助生殖技术与植入前遗传学诊断技术(PGD)相结合,对胚胎进行了筛查,将不存在该致病突变的胚胎移植入母亲子宫,并成功生育。

展望

第三代试管婴儿技术主要解决的是染色体异常或已明确的单基因病问题。全世界遗传性疾病有 4000余种,目前通过使用第三代试管婴儿技术,能筛选甄别和检测的遗传性疾病多达72种,帮助越来越多的家庭实现了健康生育梦。

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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813151, encodeId=527b1813151f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1fdd91e56f7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#试管婴#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91756, encryptionId=1fdd91e56f7, topicName=试管婴)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=11b4465, createdName=ying_wu, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 21:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159831, encodeId=c54515983113, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Sat Dec 03 06:50:30 CST 2016, time=2016-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159497, encodeId=17bd15949e56, content=这项技术真是造福全人类啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=41521989286, createdName=kkfjack, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 22:38:33 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159433, encodeId=e8ab15943375, content=现在科技这么发达,什么都是有可能发生的,希望越来越多的病可以治好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Dec 01 14:11:03 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1249739, encodeId=a4831249e3963, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95264599452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宝宝#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45994, encryptionId=95264599452, topicName=宝宝)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=杏林小小, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 13:34:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813151, encodeId=527b1813151f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1fdd91e56f7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#试管婴#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91756, encryptionId=1fdd91e56f7, topicName=试管婴)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=11b4465, createdName=ying_wu, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 21:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159831, encodeId=c54515983113, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Sat Dec 03 06:50:30 CST 2016, time=2016-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159497, encodeId=17bd15949e56, content=这项技术真是造福全人类啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=41521989286, createdName=kkfjack, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 22:38:33 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159433, encodeId=e8ab15943375, content=现在科技这么发达,什么都是有可能发生的,希望越来越多的病可以治好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Dec 01 14:11:03 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1249739, encodeId=a4831249e3963, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95264599452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宝宝#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45994, encryptionId=95264599452, topicName=宝宝)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=杏林小小, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 13:34:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-03 李东泽

    很好,不错,以后会多学习

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813151, encodeId=527b1813151f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1fdd91e56f7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#试管婴#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91756, encryptionId=1fdd91e56f7, topicName=试管婴)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=11b4465, createdName=ying_wu, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 21:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159831, encodeId=c54515983113, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Sat Dec 03 06:50:30 CST 2016, time=2016-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159497, encodeId=17bd15949e56, content=这项技术真是造福全人类啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=41521989286, createdName=kkfjack, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 22:38:33 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159433, encodeId=e8ab15943375, content=现在科技这么发达,什么都是有可能发生的,希望越来越多的病可以治好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Dec 01 14:11:03 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1249739, encodeId=a4831249e3963, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95264599452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宝宝#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45994, encryptionId=95264599452, topicName=宝宝)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=杏林小小, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 13:34:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-01 kkfjack

    这项技术真是造福全人类啊

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813151, encodeId=527b1813151f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1fdd91e56f7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#试管婴#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91756, encryptionId=1fdd91e56f7, topicName=试管婴)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=11b4465, createdName=ying_wu, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 21:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159831, encodeId=c54515983113, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Sat Dec 03 06:50:30 CST 2016, time=2016-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159497, encodeId=17bd15949e56, content=这项技术真是造福全人类啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=41521989286, createdName=kkfjack, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 22:38:33 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159433, encodeId=e8ab15943375, content=现在科技这么发达,什么都是有可能发生的,希望越来越多的病可以治好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Dec 01 14:11:03 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1249739, encodeId=a4831249e3963, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95264599452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宝宝#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45994, encryptionId=95264599452, topicName=宝宝)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=杏林小小, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 13:34:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-12-01 1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称)

    现在科技这么发达,什么都是有可能发生的,希望越来越多的病可以治好!

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1813151, encodeId=527b1813151f8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1fdd91e56f7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#试管婴#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=115, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=91756, encryptionId=1fdd91e56f7, topicName=试管婴)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=11b4465, createdName=ying_wu, createdTime=Sun Jan 15 21:34:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159831, encodeId=c54515983113, content=很好,不错,以后会多学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=94, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzUn81b5CF5ibVPib8jWI92iciaxmqGHlwruOnK4SVZykd4iahqo1hicklIibyZoxm55X7EM8BW9eX1h1hQ2/0, createdBy=8aa81937526, createdName=李东泽, createdTime=Sat Dec 03 06:50:30 CST 2016, time=2016-12-03, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159497, encodeId=17bd15949e56, content=这项技术真是造福全人类啊, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=41521989286, createdName=kkfjack, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 22:38:33 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=159433, encodeId=e8ab15943375, content=现在科技这么发达,什么都是有可能发生的,希望越来越多的病可以治好!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=105, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76491981781, createdName=1e184d7bm65(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Dec 01 14:11:03 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1249739, encodeId=a4831249e3963, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=95264599452' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#宝宝#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45994, encryptionId=95264599452, topicName=宝宝)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=杏林小小, createdTime=Thu Dec 01 13:34:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-01, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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