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“术中唤醒”切除脑肿瘤 成功保护语言功能

2014-06-17 环球医学编辑:吴星 环球医学

麻醉师通过静脉给药,全身麻醉,让患者昏然睡去,然后进行开颅,让脑组织暴露出来,随着麻醉师逐渐减少麻醉药的剂量,患者出现唤醒前的征兆。接着,患者被医生唤醒,医生一边做手术一边跟患者说话……近日,这场令人震撼的“术中唤醒”脑部肿瘤完全切除术在南京脑科医院成功完成。患者术后语言功能良好。这是南京第一例成功完成的“术中唤醒”脑部肿瘤完全切除术。此前,徐州也曾做过一例类似的手术。南京脑科医院副院长、神经外科

麻醉师通过静脉给药,全身麻醉,让患者昏然睡去,然后进行开颅,让脑组织暴露出来,随着麻醉师逐渐减少麻醉药的剂量,患者出现唤醒前的征兆。接着,患者被医生唤醒,医生一边做手术一边跟患者说话……近日,这场令人震撼的“术中唤醒”脑部肿瘤完全切除术在南京脑科医院成功完成。患者术后语言功能良好。


这是南京第一例成功完成的“术中唤醒”脑部肿瘤完全切除术。此前,徐州也曾做过一例类似的手术。南京脑科医院副院长、神经外科主任医师刘宏毅说,之所以在病人清醒的状态下做手术,是为了最大程度地保护患者大脑,让患者手术后,语言功能不丧失。

南京脑科医院神经外科主治医师张玉海说,该患者的脑瘤直径有5厘米,位置非常复杂,几乎与管理大脑的语言功能中枢“缠在一起”。如果手术稍有不慎,患者的语言功可能就会丢失,但是,考虑到是语言功能中枢,如果肿瘤切不干净,会对疾病的治疗有很大影响。经过医生团队的反复考虑,最终决定采取“术中唤醒”的方式,完成整个肿瘤切除手术。“只有在患者清醒的时候,采用电刺激的方法,才能精确地找到语言功能区域,手术才能绕开这个区域,精确切除肿瘤。”张玉海说。如果病人做全麻手术,会有30%的可能失去语言功能,如果在清醒状态下做手术,那么这种可能就会降至4%。

“手术成功与否,患者心理素质是一个很关键的因素。”张玉海说。因此,在手术前,医生与患者进行了反复地沟通,并对所有的意外风险都设计了预案。

比如万一病人出现了紧张状态,那就必须终止唤醒,重新进入全麻状态。“患者的手术姿势都考虑到了,最后设计成稍微右倾的姿势,这样有利于病人手术,也有利于和医生沟通,因为病人清醒后,需要看手提电脑的测试题。”张玉海说。

据医生介绍,麻醉师给患者全身麻醉,待开颅,将组织暴露出之后,逐渐减少麻醉剂量,并将患者唤醒,在每4秒钟时放一幅图,向患者提问,让患者认读,同时,电刺激脑部即将要切除的组织,如果患者说话突然迟疑数不了数,或者不认图,那就说明这个组织是语言功能区,需要避开。

手术一结束,医生又立即给该患者做了唤醒,醒来后该患者说话没有任何问题,语言功能保护得很好。

“术中唤醒”对今后的颅内手术具有很大的借鉴作用。但是,相关医疗专家提醒,遇到具体情况时,还得权衡利弊。而且这对患者的心理素质要求很高,手术中的风险也会增大。

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    2014-06-25 chenzhijieksj

    最后一句对患者心理素质要求高时重点

    0

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    2014-06-19 faustine

    唤醒对麻醉要求很高啊!

    0

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    2014-06-19 yangjxjc
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