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HAEMATOLOGICA:离子载体介导的红细胞渗透肿胀是镰状细胞病治疗的潜在机制

2021-11-03 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

通过渗透肿胀降低细胞内HbS浓度可以改善缺氧条件下的血液流动。尽管莫能菌素的毒性使其无法成为一种可行的临床治疗方法

镰状细胞病(SCD)是一种遗传性血红蛋白分子功能紊乱疾患,当血红蛋白分子暴露在各种环境中,红细胞血红蛋白发生聚合,扭曲变形成镰状。这种变形允许红细胞从细胞间通过,导致下游组织营养受损特征是镰状血红蛋白(HbS)在缺氧条件下聚合形成僵硬的镰状红细胞,镰状红细胞脱水后细胞内HbS浓度增加,红细胞镰状化倾向增加。对这一机制的预防可能为SCD治疗研究提供一个靶点。

莫能菌素等离子载体可促进红细胞膜钠的跨膜转运,增加红细胞膜钠的通透性,导致红细胞的渗透膨胀,降低血红蛋白浓度。因此,在国外的一项研究中,研究团队用10 nM莫能菌素处理13例SCD患者的血液样本。

每个样本都使用了在缓冲液a中重悬的对照和0.01%乙醇。孵育后,用磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)洗涤样品以去除细胞外莫能菌素,并在PBS中重悬以达到25% hct,然后进行流变学测量。他们测量了莫能菌素治疗后细胞体积和血红蛋白浓度的变化,并通过微流体装置对治疗后的血液样本进行灌注,该装置允许定量控制缺氧下的血流。

 

图1  数据收集和分析:A)莫能菌素治疗工作流程示意图。(B)原始速度数据的代表性图像。(C) (B)中收集的速度数据的加氧(160mmHg)和脱氧(0mmHg)切片,由代表性样品的平均加氧稳态速度归一化。

图2:相关的参数分析。(A) MCV与MCHC无相关性(r=-0.008, p=0.982), MCV与MCHC为自变量。(B) MCV与速度响应的关系。MCV值与速度响应之间没有相关性(r=-0.13, p=0.660)。(A)和(B)的斜率分别为-0.001和-0.1。这些数字的斜率是为了澄清(A-B)的比例尺。(C) MCHC与速度响应显著相关(r= 0.83, p <0.001)。

图3:莫能菌素的治疗效果和变异性。(A-B)莫能菌素对MCHC和MCV的影响。与对照组相比,莫能菌素治疗组的MCV明显高于MCHC组。(C)与对照组相比,莫能菌素处理组的速度反应明显低于对照组。对照组和莫能菌素处理组之间的显著性采用Wilcoxon符号秩检验,并用p<0.01的星号(*)表示。样本ID表示与样本对应的去识别的患者ID。误差条表示在3个加氧/脱氧循环中的速度响应的标准偏差。

图4:线性相关分析。采用皮尔逊相关系数分析来确定线性关系的强度。(A)MCV的变化与MCHC的变化呈显著正相关(r=0.91,p<0.001)。(B)速度恢复与MCV变化也呈正相关(r=0.87,p<0.001)。(C)速度恢复与MCHC变化之间的相关性最强(r=0.96,p<0.01)。

 

尽管不同样本的反应程度不同,在大多数血液样本中,莫能菌素治疗导致细胞体积增加和血红蛋白浓度降低。莫能菌素处理的样本在低氧条件下也显示出相对于未处理的对照组血流损伤减少。此外,血流的改善与血红蛋白浓度的降低有显著的相关性

因此,这项研究的结果表明,通过渗透肿胀降低细胞内HbS浓度可以改善缺氧条件下的血液流动尽管莫能菌素的毒性使其无法成为一种可行的临床治疗方法,但结果依然提示,渗透肿胀作为SCD治疗的一种潜在机制应该进一步研究。

 

原始出处:

Geisness AC, Azul M, Williams D, Szafraniec H, De Souza DC, Higgins JM, Wood DK. Ionophore-mediated swelling of erythrocytes as a therapeutic mechanism in sickle cell disease. Haematologica; https://doi.org/10.3324/haematol.2021.278666 [Early view].

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    2022-03-13 mei539
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    2022-01-10 changfy
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    2021-11-03 1207866fm50(暂无昵称)

    谢谢分享

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    2021-11-02 fengyi812
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