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J Am Acad Dermatol:为啥有人看上去“永远18岁”?科学家找出基因差异

2017-12-02 佚名 生物探索

美国科学家通过比较不同年龄和外观的肌肤表达谱,找到了那些拥有比实际年龄看起来更年轻肌肤的人的奥秘:原来看起来年轻是因为肌肤的分子、细胞和组织层面都表现得年轻。

有些人的皮肤看起来要比实际年龄更年轻。尽管许多人试图通过使用护肤霜、乳液,甚至注射、手术等来达到这一目的,但美国皮肤病学会杂志(the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology)上发表的一项新研究表明,某些基因的表达增加可能是皮肤年轻化的关键。

文章的通讯作者,美国哈佛医学院贝斯以色列女执事医疗中心(Beth IsraelDeaconess Medical Center)的CEO,皮肤病专家AlexaB. Kimball医学博士说:“这些基因虽然是你与生俱来的,但随着时间的推移它会打开和关闭。我们在受衰老影响的皮肤中观察到一个广泛的过程,我们也在那些看起来比她们实际年龄年轻的女性中发现了特殊的基因表达模式。”

比较不同年龄的肌肤表达谱

为了构建皮肤衰老的综合模型,Kimball和她的同事们在年龄从20到74岁的158名白人妇女中,从太阳下暴露的皮肤(面部和前臂)和被保护的皮肤(臀部)区域,收集和综合分子、细胞和组织水平的数据。

作为研究的一部分,这个团队在比她们实际年龄看起来年轻的女性中寻找常见的基因表达模式。面部皮肤的外观通过数字图像获取和分析;对皮肤活检样本进行了组织学和转录组学分析;23andMe的基因分型法鉴定了遗传起源。

找到哪些基因表达有差异

分析表明:从20岁到70岁与氧化应激、能量代谢、衰老和皮肤屏障等方面相关的通路发生了渐进性的变化。在60岁和70岁,这些变化加速了。暴露于太阳和有保护的皮肤样本相比较显示,某些基因的改变可能是由于光老化。

在此研究中,那些看似年轻的女性的基因表达模式与真正实际年龄较小的女性相似。这些妇女增加了与基本生物过程相关的基因活性,包括DNA修复、细胞复制、氧化应激反应和蛋白质代谢。那些面部皮肤异常年轻的老年女性在面部表皮样品中,线粒体结构和代谢、整体表皮结构、屏障功能等基因的表达和真皮基质生产效率更高。

看起来年轻是因为表现得年轻

更好地了解与年轻化皮肤相关的基因,可能会提出新的策略,来增强能减缓皮肤衰老过程的因素。这也证实了紫外线(UV)照射是皮肤老化主要的驱动程序和加速器。

Kimball 说:“我们特别感到惊讶的是,一组妇女不仅表现出比她们预期年龄更年轻的皮肤外观,而且还展示了一种模仿年轻皮肤生物特性的特殊基因表达谱。似乎她们的皮肤看起来更年轻是因为它表现的更加年轻。揭示哪些特定的选择和因素导致了这一特定的表达谱,可能会引起人们极大的兴趣。”

原始出处:

Alexa B.Kimball, et al. Age-induced and photoinduced changes in gene expression profiles in facial skin of Caucasian females across 6 decades of age. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Available online 14 November 2017.

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    2018-09-01 lishizhe
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    2017-12-03 天涯183

    非常好的文章.学习了

    0

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    2017-12-02 120bb949m23暂无昵称

    保持年轻的秘密出于基因

    0

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    2017-12-02 李东泽

    很好的学习材料.对临床和科研都有很大帮助作用.水滴石穿.不断积累.

    0

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    2017-12-02 1ddf0692m34(暂无匿称)

    学习了.涨知识

    0

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