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STM:2型糖尿病基因特异性治疗新思路

2014-10-28 MedSci MedSci原创

基因组学为人类认识自身与疾病展现了前所未有的前景,但利用基因组信息个体化治疗多基因疾病的可行性目前仍不明确。最近有研究发现,编码α2A肾上腺素能受体的ADRA2A基因的一个遗传性变型与2型糖尿病关系密切。这个高危变型可引起受体过表达和胰岛素分泌受损。因此,来自瑞典隆德大学的研究人员提出这样的假设,药理学上的某种有效物质如果能阻断α2A肾上腺素能受体就可以改善高危基因型患者的胰岛素分泌,从而为2型糖

基因组学为人类认识自身与疾病展现了前所未有的前景,但利用基因组信息个体化治疗多基因疾病的可行性目前仍不明确。

最近有研究发现,编码α2A肾上腺素能受体的ADRA2A基因的一个遗传性变型与2型糖尿病关系密切。这个高危变型可引起受体过表达和胰岛素分泌受损。因此,来自瑞典隆德大学的研究人员提出这样的假设,药理学上的某种有效物质如果能阻断α2A肾上腺素能受体就可以改善高危基因型患者的胰岛素分泌,从而为2型糖尿病治疗开拓新的思路。

该研究共招募了50名2型糖尿病患者,其中29名患者携带ADRA2A基因高危遗传性变型,利用α2A肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂yohimbine开展了一项随机、安慰剂对照的干预性研究。高危组患者在三次独立的随访中分别接受0、10或20mg的yohimbine治疗。这项研究的主要终止点是口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)30分钟后的胰岛素分泌情况。

研究发现,携带高危基因型的患者较未携带者(低危组)口服葡萄糖耐量试验30分钟后的胰岛素分泌量低25%。20mg的yohimbine用量可提高高危组口服葡萄糖耐量试验30分钟后的胰岛素分泌达29%,使患者胰岛素分泌量与携带低危等位基因个体分泌量类似。携有高危(而不是低危)等位基因个体纠正的胰岛素反应指数和处置指数分别提高了59 ± 18% 和43 ± 14%。然而,研究者认为yohimbine的益处并不是单单改善胰岛素敏感性的结果。

总之,研究数据表明,携带ADRA2A高危突变基因型的2型糖尿病患者的胰岛素分泌不足情况可以被α2A肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂yohimbine纠正。对编码α2A肾上腺素能受体的ADRA2A基因高危遗传性变型的理解认识可以用来指导直接靶向多基因疾病内在病理生理机制的治疗性干预措施,从而为2型糖尿病基因型特异性治疗提供了新的思路。



本文是MedSci原创编译整理,欢迎转载!转载请注明来源并附原文链接。谢谢!


原文出处:


Tang Y, Axelsson AS, Spégel P, Andersson LE, Mulder H, Groop LC, Renström E, Rosengren AH.Genotype-based treatment of type 2 diabetes with an α2A-adrenergic receptor antagonist.Sci Transl Med. 2014 Oct 8;6(257):257ra139. doi:
10.1126/scitranslmed.3009934.

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    2015-06-18 gdsun
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    2015-03-14 晓辰
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    2015-06-08 ljjj1053

    好好学习学习

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1677938, encodeId=cad516e793873, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=29a8168130f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#STM#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=57, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16813, encryptionId=29a8168130f, topicName=STM)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=d76127619556, createdName=gdsun, createdTime=Thu Jun 18 14:36:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2019283, encodeId=a9a4201928378, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=61f458359f7' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新思路#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58359, encryptionId=61f458359f7, topicName=新思路)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=a5712500001, createdName=晓辰, createdTime=Sat Mar 14 02:36:00 CST 2015, time=2015-03-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=26323, encodeId=0dcb2632325, content=好好学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=137, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=ac181616815, createdName=ljjj1053, createdTime=Mon Jun 08 14:07:00 CST 2015, time=2015-06-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=20510, encodeId=89cf2051010, content=控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=169, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20150920/IMG55FDE671A89482379.jpg, createdBy=cef3108336, createdName=x35042875, createdTime=Sat Apr 11 23:04:00 CST 2015, time=2015-04-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1899062, encodeId=a046189906270, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6f746e94170' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#特异性#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67941, encryptionId=6f746e94170, topicName=特异性)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=dc7a157, createdName=jinweidong, createdTime=Mon Feb 16 17:36:00 CST 2015, time=2015-02-16, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-04-11 x35042875

    控制好糖尿病可能提高肝硬化患者的预后。

    0

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