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Crit Care:COVID-19患者气管切开术时机与临床结局之间的关系

2022-02-10 MedSci原创 MedSci原创

这项荟萃分析的结果表明,与晚期气管切开术相比,COVID-19患者的早期气管切开术与更短的有创机械通气和ICU停留时间相关,而不会改变患者死亡率。

严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)已成为人类历史上已知的最大流行病之一,影响全球超过2.33亿人。尽管大多数人出现轻微症状,但大约5-15%的人会出现呼吸衰竭并需要有创机械通气。早期关于有创机械通气治疗2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)患者的报告描述了不良结局,死亡率高达45-74%,50%的患者需要延长有创机械通气(>2周),并且COVID-19患者的结局仍存在争议。

近日,危重病医学领域权威杂志Critical Care上发表了一篇研究文章,研究人员进行了一项荟萃分析,以评估早期气管切开术与晚期气管切开术相比对COVID-19患者预后的影响。

从2019年12月1日到2021年8月24日,研究人员检索了Medline、Embase、Cochrane和Scopus数据库,以及medRxiv、biOR为xiv和Research Square数据库。早期气管切开术被定义为在有创手术后14天或更短时间内进行的气管切开术机械通气(有创机械通气)。晚期气管切开术是此后的任何时间。有创机械通气的持续时间、ICU停留的持续时间和总死亡率是该荟萃分析的主要结局。研究人员使用随机效应模型计算具有95%CI的合并比值比(OR)或平均差。

本荟萃分析纳入了14项研究,共计2371名经气管切开的COVID-19患者。早期气管切开术与有创机械通气持续时间(2098名患者;平均差为9.08天,95%CI为−10.91至−7.26天,p<0.01)和ICU住院时间(1224例患者;平均差为9.41天,95%CI为−12.36至−6.46天,p<0.01)显著减少相关。该荟萃分析报告了2343名患者的死亡率,并且组间相当(OR为1.09,95%CI为0.79至1.51,p=0.59)。

由此可见,这项荟萃分析的结果表明,与晚期气管切开术相比,COVID-19患者的早期气管切开术与更短的有创机械通气和ICU停留时间相关,而不会改变患者死亡率。这些结果可能对提高COVID-19大流行期间ICU的可用性具有重要意义。

原始出处:

Yun Ji,et al.Tracheostomy timing and clinical outcomes in ventilated COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Critical Care.2022.https://ccforum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13054-022-03904-6

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