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PLoS One:膀胱癌治疗的新希望--小鼠模型

2015-08-17 MedSci 译 MedSci原创

加州大学戴维斯分校的研究人员与杰克逊实验室的同事合作发明了个性化治疗侵袭性膀胱癌的新的治疗方法。在早期的概念验证研究中,研究人员从不同病人的膀胱肿瘤中确定了可操作的突变,并将肿瘤移植到小鼠体内。对小鼠模型,研究人员同时测试了多种疗法治疗肿瘤的效果,以确定有效的治疗方案,然后应用于患者。研究发表在PLoS One。“通过对治疗方案进行筛选,我们确定药物的作用原理,为肿瘤患者争取更多的生存机会,”第一

加州大学戴维斯分校的研究人员与杰克逊实验室的同事合作发明了个性化治疗侵袭性膀胱癌的新的治疗方法。在早期的概念验证研究中,研究人员从不同病人的膀胱肿瘤中确定了可操作的突变,并将肿瘤移植到小鼠体内。对小鼠模型,研究人员同时测试了多种疗法治疗肿瘤的效果,以确定有效的治疗方案,然后应用于患者。研究发表在PLoS One


“通过对治疗方案进行筛选,我们确定药物的作用原理,为肿瘤患者争取更多的生存机会,”第一作者 Chong-Xian Pan(泌尿系肿瘤学家)说,“这样可以降低药物对患者的毒性作用、提高效率和降低成本。”

理论上,探究肿瘤的突变应该勾勒出一个明确的治疗计划,将靶向药物与突变基因进行匹配。然而,虽然基因组工具可以发现突变基因,但他们不确定患者患肿瘤是哪种突变基因作用的。

Pan说:“不同肿瘤导致突变的基因数目也不同,小儿肿瘤可能仅有几个突变基因,成人或许有数十个或几百个突变基因,肺癌患者体内基因可能有数百个都发生率突变,但是只有少数的几个起了至关重要的作用。但问题在于,我们无法找到哪些基因突变不重要,哪些起至关重要作用的突变基因。”

尽早发现突变基因的作用十分关键,肿瘤学家必须一个又一个针对性治疗。如果选择错误,治疗过程中可能会出现不利后果。

“如果患者愿意接受活检,我们将对其组织进行基因组分析,我们可以从中发现异常组织并采取治疗措施,” UC戴维斯肿瘤中心泌尿科主任Ralph de Vere White教授说道,我们需要知道导致肿瘤出现的那个重要的突变基因,且该基因导致肿瘤出现的成功率仅有12%,但是一旦患者出现肿瘤,则成功率就是100%。”

研究人员说,小鼠模型还提供了从患者身上无法获得的重要信息。因为肿瘤在小鼠体内的发展更为迅速,他们可以快速判断哪些疗法是有效的。他们还可以进行多部位活检采集组织以探究肿瘤发展状况,确定合适的治疗方案。将肿瘤从患者身上移植入小鼠身上对后续研究很有意义,但是不是说小鼠模型就是治疗过程,它仅仅是起借鉴作用,关于治疗方案的选择还要经过更加缜密的探究,小鼠模型可以帮他们做得更好,为肿瘤病人带来生的希望。

原始出处:

Pan CX, Zhang H, Tepper CG, Lin TY, Davis RR, Keck J, Ghosh PM, Gill P, Airhart S, Bult C, Gandara DR, Liu E, de Vere White RW.Development and Characterization of Bladder Cancer Patient-Derived Xenografts for Molecularly Guided Targeted Therapy.PLoS One. 2015 Aug 13;10(8)


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  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969917, encodeId=5832196991e9f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ec345834075' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新希望#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58340, encryptionId=ec345834075, topicName=新希望)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Tue Aug 25 01:00:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1789701, encodeId=a8e81e897014b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e4814388e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Plos one#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14388, encryptionId=6e4814388e2, topicName=Plos one)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fda6311, createdName=119337457, createdTime=Tue Sep 01 16:00:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=37239, encodeId=98233e239f8, content=一直以来这都是个难点,期待更多的研究成果出现, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e73d1605484, createdName=he408015781, createdTime=Thu Sep 24 15:43:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1436746, encodeId=52c41436e461c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a9424e199a5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#小鼠模型#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47199, encryptionId=a9424e199a5, topicName=小鼠模型)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Tue Aug 18 15:00:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35726, encodeId=07f335e260d, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=150, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48ce1618316, createdName=stupidox, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 12:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-08-25 珙桐
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969917, encodeId=5832196991e9f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=ec345834075' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#新希望#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=58340, encryptionId=ec345834075, topicName=新希望)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=25d7319, createdName=珙桐, createdTime=Tue Aug 25 01:00:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1789701, encodeId=a8e81e897014b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=6e4814388e2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Plos one#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=60, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=14388, encryptionId=6e4814388e2, topicName=Plos one)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=fda6311, createdName=119337457, createdTime=Tue Sep 01 16:00:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-01, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=37239, encodeId=98233e239f8, content=一直以来这都是个难点,期待更多的研究成果出现, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=134, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e73d1605484, createdName=he408015781, createdTime=Thu Sep 24 15:43:00 CST 2015, time=2015-09-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1436746, encodeId=52c41436e461c, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=a9424e199a5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#小鼠模型#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=47199, encryptionId=a9424e199a5, topicName=小鼠模型)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/aLGWoFXAyMbIu3qymFOyheQLjPSX3OUs5GmkyBlcCOwTPIeq3why9NGibxxUqYo6hcx8qZLHZFgNPnBK1yzWeOFpyg2OnWOt0/0, createdBy=fa4716, createdName=zhouqu_8, createdTime=Tue Aug 18 15:00:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=35726, encodeId=07f335e260d, content=有意思, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=150, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=48ce1618316, createdName=stupidox, createdTime=Mon Aug 17 12:15:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-17, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2015-09-24 he408015781

    一直以来这都是个难点,期待更多的研究成果出现

    0

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    2015-08-17 stupidox

    有意思

    0

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