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「依维莫司」新适应症获批,乳腺癌治疗迎来“内分泌+”新时代

2022-02-11 诺华 诺华

作为mTOR抑制剂的代表,依维莫司先后在美国、欧洲、日本等120多个国家获批上市,在全球积累了70000多例使用循证。

乳腺癌患者再次迎来好消息:诺华飞尼妥®(依维莫司片)近日获国家药品监督管理局批准新增适应症,联合依西美坦用于治疗来曲唑或阿那曲唑治疗失败后的激素受体阳性、表皮生长因子受体-2阴性、绝经后晚期女性乳腺癌患者。此前,飞尼妥® (依维莫司片)已获批用于治疗晚期肾细胞癌、结节性硬化症相关的肾血管平滑肌脂肪瘤、神经内分泌瘤等。此次新增适应症,将为中国乳腺癌患者带来更多的精准治疗选择。

诺华肿瘤(中国)总经理方爱莎(Isabel Afonso)女士表示:“患者为先是诺华的信念与行动指引,我们将不断探索临床需求,在乳腺癌等中国人民高发的肿瘤领域持续深耕,为中国医生提供更多的治疗选择,让更多中国的患者能够享有高质量的药物和治疗方案。”

依维莫司为晚期乳腺癌患者提供“内分泌+”新选择

据世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构的调查报告显示,2020年,中国女性乳腺癌新发病例42万,为中国女性新发癌症病例数之首。在中国女性乳腺癌群体中,有70%的患者为激素受体阳性(HR+)、表皮生长因子受体-2阴性(HER2-)乳腺癌。

对于HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌,各大指南均推荐内分泌治疗作为首选。而众多基础与临床研究均提示,PAM(PI3K-AKT-mTOR)信号通路调控异常与肿瘤发生、转移密切相关。因此,随着mTOR抑制剂、PI3K抑制剂、CDK4/6抑制剂的问世与应用,晚期乳腺癌治疗已经进入抑制剂联合内分泌治疗的“内分泌+”时代,改变了HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌的治疗格局。

此次新增适应症的诺华飞尼妥®(依维莫司片),是一种口服的mTOR选择性抑制剂,可与胞内蛋白FKBP12结合,进而抑制mTOR的活性。依维莫司还可使血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达减少,因而具有抑制肿瘤细胞生长与增殖、抑制肿瘤营养代谢和抗血管生成等作用。依维莫司联合依西美坦的“内分泌+”治疗方案,将为临床提供不同通路的“内分泌+”治疗选择。

依维莫司联合依西美坦治疗效果显著,获国内外指南推荐

mTOR抑制剂应用于癌症治疗已经多年。在乳腺癌领域,依维莫司与依西美坦联合应用治疗激素受体阳性、HER2阴性的晚期乳腺癌得到NCCN等国际指南的推荐,在《中国抗癌协会乳腺癌诊治指南与规范》(CBCS)2021版中,依维莫司作为常用内分泌治疗相关方案得到推荐。

本次适应症的获批是基于在中国国内开展的BOLERO-5研究,这是一项评估依维莫司联合依西美坦治疗既往来曲唑或阿那曲唑治疗后复发的HR+/HER2-绝经后晚期乳腺癌患者的II期试验,在2021年欧洲肿瘤内科学会(ESMO)年会中入选大会报告。根据研究者评估,依维莫司+依西美坦组较安慰剂+依西美坦组中位PFS显著延长了5.4 个月;BIRC评估后也观察到类似的结果,中位PFS延长了4.3个月。依维莫司+依西美坦治疗提高了客观缓解率ORR(8.8%vs1.3%)和临床获益率CBR(35.0%vs 16.5%);BIRC 评估结果与此一致。此外,依维莫司+依西美坦同样改善了ORR(8.8%vs2.5%)和CBR(31.3%vs 11.4%)。安全性上,未观察到新的安全性信号,与两种药物既往安全性一致。

“非常高兴的看到,依维莫司在乳腺癌领域的适应症在国内获批,让我们临床医生又增加了一种新的治疗手段。”复旦大学附属肿瘤医院邵志敏教授表示,“对于HR+/HER2-晚期乳腺癌在一线接受内分泌治疗后,多数患者仍将面临疾病进展,单一激素治疗难以取得令人满意的临床效果。2012年,FDA批准依维莫司用于治疗HR+/HER2-绝经后晚期乳腺癌,我们看到依维莫司+依西美坦对于这类患者的疗效。但种族异质性可能会影响药物的治疗效果,故而在国内,我们开展了针对中国患者的BOLERO-5研究,从研究结果上来看,依维莫司对中国患者同样有较好的疗效和安全性,也希望依维莫司能为中国乳腺癌患者增加新的克服内分泌耐药的方案。”

作为mTOR抑制剂的代表,飞尼妥®(依维莫司)先后在美国、欧洲、日本等120多个国家获批上市,在全球积累了70000多例使用循证。此外,诺华在乳腺癌领域探索不止于此,还包括治疗HR+/HER2-绝经后PIK3CA突变晚期乳腺癌的Piqray®以及治疗HR+/HER2-绝经前/绝经后晚期乳腺癌的CDK4/6抑制剂Kisqali ®等,以求帮助临床不断更新治疗方案,丰富治疗手段,为更多的患者带来新选择。

参考资料

1Jia M, Liao N, et al. Breast Cancer. 2021 May;28(3):644-652.

2Shao Zhimin, Abstract # 238P, 2021 ESMO

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    2022-05-19 gwc392
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    2022-02-11 ms3000000637975859

    新技术,值得推广

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Clin Cancer Res:HER2双特异性抗体KN026单药治疗HER2+转移性乳腺癌的临床试验结果

HER2双特异性抗体KN026在转移性乳腺癌患者中的耐受性良好,治疗效果堪比曲妥珠单抗和帕妥珠单抗双重治疗

J Clin Oncol:早期乳腺癌的内分泌治疗中加用帕博西利的效果

内分泌治疗中加用帕博西尼是否可进一步改善激素受体阳性乳腺癌的预后?

NEJM:绝经状态会影响腋窝淋巴结阳性乳腺癌患者化疗-内分泌联合治疗收益

对于存在1-3个阳性腋窝淋巴结的绝经前乳腺癌患者,化学内分泌联合治疗可显著提高患者无侵袭性疾病生存期,但绝经后患者化学内分泌联合治疗的收益不显著

J Immunother Cancer:浙大黄建团队提出三阴性乳腺癌肺转移免疫学新机制及其干预策略

乳腺癌是目前发病率最高的恶性肿瘤。随着乳腺癌“在筛早诊早治”推进,精准综合治疗的推广,其生存率已极大提升。尽管如此,三阴性乳腺癌 (TNBC) 由于缺乏相关预测指标和有效针对性的治疗手段。

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