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Spine:腰椎管狭窄症棘突劈开椎管减压无明显优势

2013-10-28 佚名 丁香园

腰椎管狭窄症是引起腰痛或腰腿痛最常见的疾病之一。如果保守治疗3个月无效,自觉症状明显且持续性加重,影响正常生活和工作;或出现明显的神经根痛和明确的神经功能损害,尤其是严重的马尾神经损害;以及进行性加重的腰椎滑脱、侧弯伴随相应的临床症状出现,则需要进行手术治疗。 传统的手术方法主要采用正中切开减压融合内固定进行治疗,但这种方法可能会引起棘突与椎板上的椎旁肌抬高从而导致椎

腰椎管狭窄症是引起腰痛或腰腿痛最常见的疾病之一。如果保守治疗3个月无效,自觉症状明显且持续性加重,影响正常生活和工作;或出现明显的神经根痛和明确的神经功能损害,尤其是严重的马尾神经损害;以及进行性加重的腰椎滑脱、侧弯伴随相应的临床症状出现,则需要进行手术治疗。

传统的手术方法主要采用正中切开减压融合内固定进行治疗,但这种方法可能会引起棘突与椎板上的椎旁肌抬高从而导致椎旁肌的萎缩、躯干伸肌无力,甚至造成背部手术失败综合症。【原文下载

为了保持脊柱韧带的完整性以及降低椎旁肌萎缩的发生率,一些新的手术方式也孕育而生。腰椎棘突劈开椎管减压术(lumbar spinous process splitting decompression,LSPSD)是近年来发展一种的新术式,可通过保留椎旁肌的粘附以及棘突上韧带的粘附来避免椎旁肌萎缩与伸肌无力。

然而LSPSD相对于传统的正中切开减压手术的疗效是否更好,仍缺乏前瞻性随机对照研究的证据。印度学者S. Rajasekaran等进行了一项前瞻性随机对照研究,该研究结果已在近期的Spine杂志上发表。

在该研究中,研究者将51例腰椎管狭窄患者随机分配至LSPSD组与传统的正中切开减压组(CMD)两组,其中LSPSD组患者28例,CMD组23例。LSPSD组的28例患者中男性患者16例,女性患者12例;年龄范围为35至76岁,平均为57.3岁。CMD组患者包括14例男性患者与9例女性患者;年龄范围为39至71岁,平均为54.5岁。

LSPSD组患者的平均减压节段为1.75± 0.75个,CMD组患者的平均减压节段为1.52±0.59个。两组患者的年龄、性别、以及手术节段数量均无显著性差异。51例患者的平均年龄为56岁,平均随访周期为14.2±2.9个月。比较两组患者的手术时间、失血量、恢复至自由活动的时间、住院时间等变量。

通过检测患者术后的血清肌酸磷酸酶与C反应蛋白的升高水平来评价椎旁肌的损伤程度。在术后随访第12个月时,采用日本骨科协会(JOA)评分、神经源性跛行结果评分(NCOS)、以及针对背部疼痛与神经源跛行的VAS评分对患者术后的功能结果进行评价。

该研究结果显示,两组患者的手术时间、失血量、住院时间均无显著性差异。两组患者在术后1年时的功能结果较术前均有显著改善,但两组患者之间的JOA评分、背痛的VAS评分、神经源跛行的VAS评分、以及术后的血清肌酸磷酸酶与C反应蛋白的升高水平均未发现显著性统计学差异。通过计算两组患者的JOA恢复率,发现传统的正中切开减压组患者的JOA恢复率为73.9%,优于LSPSD组患者的60.7%。

该研究结果表明,两组患者的在术后第12月时的各项功能结果评分相当,但传统的减压手术组中获得较好功能结果的程度要明显优于腰椎棘突劈开椎管减压组的患者。因此,腰椎棘突劈开椎管减压术的疗效并不优于传统的正中切开减压手术。

原文出处

Rajasekaran S, Thomas A, Kanna RM, Prasad Shetty A.Lumbar spinous process splitting decompression provides equivalent outcomes to conventional midline decompression in degenerative lumbar canal stenosis: a prospective, randomized controlled study of 51 patients.Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2013 Sep 15;38(20):1737-43.【原文下载

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    2014-03-27 mgqwxj
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  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1724201, encodeId=56041e2420124, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=71c1628e901' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#椎管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=55, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62879, encryptionId=71c1628e901, topicName=椎管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=7d4e33593434, createdName=caobinglei8090, createdTime=Fri Sep 12 06:04:00 CST 2014, time=2014-09-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1664489, encodeId=b46f1664489e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=674d62886f3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#椎管狭窄#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=62886, encryptionId=674d62886f3, topicName=椎管狭窄)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4cda25776737, createdName=12498c32m76暂无昵称, createdTime=Fri Feb 28 01:04:00 CST 2014, time=2014-02-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1699270, encodeId=8f3516992e08f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f5821661e14' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Spine#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16617, encryptionId=f5821661e14, topicName=Spine)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=ba5829925263, createdName=mgqwxj, createdTime=Thu Mar 27 05:04:00 CST 2014, time=2014-03-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1271998, encodeId=44e412e1998d7, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=cd1a854340b' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#腰椎#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85434, encryptionId=cd1a854340b, topicName=腰椎)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e93e105, createdName=anminleiryan, createdTime=Wed Oct 30 04:04:00 CST 2013, time=2013-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1429903, encodeId=00b814299033a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=71c78545e24' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#腰椎管狭窄症#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=90, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85457, encryptionId=71c78545e24, topicName=腰椎管狭窄症)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=96e24239334, createdName=花花1367, createdTime=Wed Oct 30 04:04:00 CST 2013, time=2013-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1442513, encodeId=7564144251345, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=71dc8545500' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#腰椎管狭窄#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85455, encryptionId=71dc8545500, topicName=腰椎管狭窄)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=4c0b4933666, createdName=12498ca5m84暂无昵称, createdTime=Wed Oct 30 04:04:00 CST 2013, time=2013-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1589497, encodeId=a1d4158949ee0, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b7158545353' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#腰椎管#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85453, encryptionId=b7158545353, topicName=腰椎管)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c4ba17737329, createdName=cnxcy, createdTime=Wed Oct 30 04:04:00 CST 2013, time=2013-10-30, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
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    2013-10-30 cnxcy

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