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Cell Metabolism:研究发现粪便微生物可成功预测肝脏疾病!

2017-05-03 佚名 来宝网

非酒精性脂肪肝病(NAFLD)——可导致肝硬化和癌症的病症,一般不会被发现,直到其进展良好。即使如此,诊断需要进行浸润性肝活检。为了更早地检测NAFLD,加州大学圣地亚哥医科大学NAFLD研究中心,人类长寿研究所和J.Craig Venter研究所的研究人员报告说,患者粪便样本或肠道的独特微生物组成可用于预测晚期NAFLD,精确度为88%至94%。

非酒精性脂肪肝病(NAFLD)——可导致肝硬化和癌症的病症,一般不会被发现,直到其进展良好。即使如此,诊断需要进行浸润性肝活检。为了更早地检测NAFLD,加州大学圣地亚哥医科大学NAFLD研究中心,人类长寿研究所和J.Craig Venter研究所的研究人员报告说,患者粪便样本或肠道的独特微生物组成可用于预测晚期NAFLD,精确度为88%至94%。

涉及135名参与者的概念验证研究于5月2日在细胞代谢中发表。

“我们估计美国有超过1亿的成年人和儿童可能患有NAFLD,确切确定患有或处于该疾病风险中的患者是一个关键的未实现的医疗需求,”第一作者Rohit Loomba,医学博士,消化科医学教授,NAFLD研究中心主任说道。 “目前有大约50种新的NAFLD药物,其中约5种可能在未来两年被批准使用,如果我们能够更好地诊断这种情况,我们将更好地招募正确类型的患者参与这些试验,最终将会更好的预防和治疗它。

NAFLD的确切原因是未知的,但饮食和遗传学起着重要的作用。超过50%的肥胖者被认为有NAFLD。随着越来越多的证据表明,一个人的肠道微生物组成可能会影响他或她的肥胖风险,Loomba和团队开始怀疑肠道微生物群体是否也可能与肥胖相关的肝脏疾病相关。如果是这样,他们假设以粪便为基础的“读出”生活在一个人的肠子里的东西可以提供对他或她的NAFLD状态的洞察。

为了回答这些问题,Loomba和团队检查了两个不同的患者组。第一组包括86例NAFLD患者,通过活检诊断。其中72例为轻度/中度NAFLD,14例为晚期病变。人类长寿公司的合作者对从每个参与者的粪便样本中提取的微生物基因进行了测序,并用该信息来确定哪些物种在哪里生活,以及每个人的相对丰度。研究人员发现37种细菌种类,将轻度/中度NAFLD与晚期疾病区分开来,可以预测哪些患者具有晚期疾病,精确度为93.6%。

该小组通过第二个研究小组验证了这一发现,其中包括16名晚期NAFLD患者和33名健康人作为对照。在这种情况下,他们发现了9种细菌,其相对数量允许他们将NAFLD患者与健康志愿者进行区分,精确度为88%。这些细菌中的七种与前一组中使用的特征37重叠。

在人肠中有四种主要类型的细菌:坚果菌,变形杆菌,细菌和放线菌。 Loomba和团队发现,晚期NAFLD患者在粪便中倾向于具有比早期NAFLD更多的Proteobacteria和更少的Firmicutes。在物种水平上,研究人员发现大量的大肠杆菌的主要区别在于,这些细菌在晚期NAFLD患者中比早期患者更常见。

“我们相信,我们的研究为基于粪便的检测设定了基础,仅通过微生物模式来检测晚期肝纤维化,”J.Craig Venter研究所所长博士说:“至少帮助我们最大限度地减少必须进行肝脏活检的患者数量。”

虽然Loomba估计,如果基于粪便的微生物诊断可能会花费1500美元,如果它在当今市场上,他预测,由于基因组测序和分析技术的进步,未来五年的成本将降至不到400美元。

研究人员激动地说,尽管如此,迄今为止,这种新的诊断方法仅在一个单一,高度专业化的医疗中心的相对较小的患者组中进行了测试。该团队正在申请拨款资金,以便在多个地点的更大的队列中扩大他们的研究。他们说,即使成功,对于NAFLD的大便测试也不会给患者提供至少五年的时间。 Loomba还指出,虽然不同的微生物种类可能与晚期NAFLD有关,但本研究并不表明这些微生物的存在或不存在导致NAFLD,反之亦然。

“我们期待进一步的研究,以评估这些微生物物种在肠道通透性,肝脏炎症和与其他因素的串扰以诱导肝损伤的作用,如果有的话,最终影响NAFLD的疾病进展,”研究公司 - 作者David A. Brenner博士说道。

人类长寿公司联合创始人兼执行主席兼研究合作者J.Craig Venter博士说:“了解微生物群体,就像人类基因组测序一样,是人类健康和疾病难题的一部分。 诸如仪器学习的新技术正在允许巨大的进步来解释这些数据。”

原始出处:

Rohit Loomba, et al. Gut Microbiome-Based Metagenomic Signature for Non-invasive Detection of Advanced Fibrosis in Human Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cell Metabolism.Volume 25, Issue 5, 2 May 2017, Pages 1054–1062.e5

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    2017-12-15 维他命
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  7. 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GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194334, encodeId=ddaf19433412, content=学习一下知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Sat May 06 05:05:12 CST 2017, time=2017-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-08-31 一闲
  8. 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    2017-05-10 jyzxjiangqin

    粪便微生物可预测肝脏疾病。

    0

  9. 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beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160806/IMG57A5698BDB0244113.jpg, createdBy=32a91358059, createdName=jyzxjiangqin, createdTime=Wed May 10 07:23:03 CST 2017, time=2017-05-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=195170, encodeId=7e541951e0a0, content=不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=121, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Mon May 08 05:48:49 CST 2017, time=2017-05-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=194334, encodeId=ddaf19433412, content=学习一下知识, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160718/IMG578C993D395567540.jpg, createdBy=59b81918946, createdName=flysky120, createdTime=Sat May 06 05:05:12 CST 2017, time=2017-05-06, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-05-08 ylzr123

    不错的方式,努力学习,刻苦专研,不断总结出来新经验。给点个赞!

    0

  10. 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    2017-05-06 flysky120

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