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BMJ:骨Paget’s病-案例报道

2016-05-19 Mechront 译 MedSci原创

患者男,63岁,血清钙和碱性磷酸酶增高,骨扫描提示头骨吸收增加。头颅X片如下图所示。颅骨增厚,板障空间扩大;整个头骨有圆顶硬化和透明区域;大脑皮质不规则增厚。与骨Paget’s病表现一致。颅骨增厚的鉴别诊断包括肾性骨病、骨纤维异常增殖症和肢端肥大症。不过考虑到患者血清钙和碱性磷酸酶增高,骨扫描提示头骨吸收增加,骨Paget’s病的可能性要大一些。Paget’s病患者异常的骨重建会导致异常结构的新骨

患者男,63岁,血清钙和碱性磷酸酶增高,骨扫描提示头骨吸收增加。头颅X片如下图所示。



颅骨增厚,板障空间扩大;整个头骨有圆顶硬化和透明区域;大脑皮质不规则增厚。与骨Paget’s病表现一致。

颅骨增厚的鉴别诊断包括肾性骨病、骨纤维异常增殖症和肢端肥大症。不过考虑到患者血清钙和碱性磷酸酶增高,骨扫描提示头骨吸收增加,骨Paget’s病的可能性要大一些。

Paget’s病患者异常的骨重建会导致异常结构的新骨形成,其力量会降低。该疾病分为三个阶段:涉及破骨细胞活性的分解阶段、涉及破骨细胞和成骨细胞活动的混合或中间阶段、以致密骨形成为标志的硬化期。

这名患者已经处于疾病的后期了。虽然Paget’s病的患病率在下降,但是原因不明。虽然基因和环境因素与疾病的发展有关,但是背后潜在的机制仍不明确。Paget’s病患者可能会经历疼痛、骨折、畸形、耳聋和肿瘤。最初的治疗包括药物、镇痛、理疗。

除了颅骨,下肢也可以发生Paget’s病。今年NEJM上刊登了一篇相关案例。

男性,57岁,近来右膝和右大腿部出现严重的皮温上升和肿胀,导致剧烈疼痛。

体格检查:右腿与与左腿相比,关节运动可见明显的不对称。

X线检查显示骨性肿大和皮质增厚(如图A箭头所指处),右髂骨的骨小梁和股骨延长至软骨下区部分明显增粗(如图A和B,黑色箭头处),双侧髂耻增厚(如图B,箭头处)和出现髂坐线(如图B,白色箭头处)。



表现与骨Paget’s病一致。

此外,双侧髋关节软骨存在明显畸形,左股骨近端可见明显毛刺样病变(如图B,红色箭头处)。

实验室检查发现骨中碱性磷酸酶水平位32μg(正常为<20μg)。骨扫描显示病变骨部位异常严重(如图C)。

 

最后,该患者接受利塞膦酸钠药物进行治疗。

18个月后对其进行随访,其表现的症状明显减少,骨扫描结果可见其病变骨部位明显改善(如图D)。



原始出处:

David C Howlett, Joseph Dalby Sinnott, Plain radiography of the skull after investigation for raised calcium.BMJ 2016;353:i2759

NEJM:Paget骨病-案例报道

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    2016-09-17 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    不错哦,会学到很多,喜欢梅斯医学文章

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=129453, encodeId=dcf31294535f, content=不错哦,会学到很多,喜欢梅斯医学文章, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=67, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sat Sep 17 11:50:00 CST 2016, time=2016-09-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=108491, encodeId=0b0b1084916e, content=好文,值得学习,赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Wed Aug 31 16:41:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-31, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=106618, encodeId=2e0f1066182b, content=深度好文,值得学习,赞!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Mon Aug 29 07:53:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-29, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1786060, encodeId=ab3b1e8606058, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=0202136e1e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Paget#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13671, encryptionId=0202136e1e4, topicName=Paget)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2978132, createdName=minzju5052, createdTime=Tue Aug 16 11:16:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1848002, encodeId=c65718480021e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2977356edc' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#BMJ#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=43, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=3567, encryptionId=2977356edc, topicName=BMJ)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=148754, createdName=gaoxiaoe, createdTime=Mon Jan 02 14:16:00 CST 2017, time=2017-01-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-08-31 ylzr123

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    2016-08-29 ylzr123

    深度好文,值得学习,赞!

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    2016-08-16 minzju5052
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    2017-01-02 gaoxiaoe
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