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Am J Clin Nutr:膳食蛋白质摄入量、肾功能和存活率:全国代表性队列研究

2021-04-12 Dr.Sun Nutrition & Health MedSci原创

人们越来越关注膳食蛋白摄入量(DPI)作为慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)和非CKD人群健康和存活的重要调节因子。在普通人群中,摄入高膳食蛋白质饮食(如原始人饮食、阿特金斯饮食、生酮饮食)已被广泛推广,作为一种

人们越来越关注膳食蛋白摄入量(DPI)作为慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)和非CKD人群健康和存活的重要调节因子。在普通人群中,摄入高膳食蛋白质饮食(如原始人饮食、阿特金斯饮食、生酮饮食)已被广泛推广,作为一种通过抗阻训练构建肌肉、保持衰老过程中的肌肉质量和在能量限制期间、特别是在肥胖和糖尿病患者中促进体重减轻的一种手段。

然而,越来越多的证据表明,较高的DPI水平对肾脏健康结果有不利影响。实验模型和临床数据表明,较高的DPI会导致肾小球滤过增加,这是由于肾血流量和肾小球内压力增加,以便排泄蛋白质衍生的含氮废物。相比之下,对CKD的纵向研究表明,低DPI与减少肾小球超滤、蛋白尿和CKD随着时间进展之间有线性关系。因此,对于非透析依赖性CKD(NDD-CKD)患者,国家肾脏基金会(NKF)肾脏病预后质量倡议(KDOQI)CKD营养管理指南推荐低蛋白饮食(定义为糖尿病患者DPI为0.6–0.8 g/kg/日的饮食,非糖尿病患者DPI为0.55-0.60g/kg/日的饮食),以改善CKD向终末期肾病进展。然而,人们担心,在CKD和非CKD人群中,低于最低需求的长期降低DPI可能是有害的。

为了填补这些知识鸿沟,来自美国加州大学欧文分校和日本德岛大学等机构的研究人员检查了按肾功能分层的美国成年人全国代表性队列的膳食蛋白质摄入量(DPI)与全因死亡率风险的关系。此外,研究还检查了膳食蛋白来源(即高生物价蛋白质)对这一人群生存率的影响。研究结果近日发表在American Journal of Clinical Nutrition上。

研究人员在27,604名连续NHANES成年参与者(1999-2010年)中,使用多变量Cox模型,根据肾功能受损和肾功能正常(估算肾小球滤过率分别为 <60 对比 ≥60 ml/min/1.72 m2)进行分层,通过24小时膳食回顾法确定每日DPI,检查了实际体重 (ABW)换算的每日DPI与全因死亡率之间的关联。研究还检查了摄入高生物价(HBV)蛋白质与死亡率之间的关系。

研究结果发现,在肾功能受损的参与者中,扩大病例组合分析表明,较高的按ABW换算的DPI水平≥1.4 g/kgABW/日与死亡风险升高相关,而较低的DPI水平与死亡率无关。

相比之下,在肾功能正常的参与者中,扩大病例组合分析表明,较低的按ABW换算的DPI水平<0.6 g/kg ABW/日与死亡率升高相关,而较高的DPI水平与死亡风险无关。

实际体重 (ABW)换算的DPI与全因死亡率风险的关系,按eGFR分层(A)肾功能受损的参与者(B)肾功能正常的参与者。

在检查肾功能受损参与者的绝对DPI的二次分析中,虽然摄入量最高的四分位数与存活率之间的关联在统计学上并不显著,但点估计值表明死亡率风险升高。然而,在肾功能正常的参与者中,2个最高的绝对DPI四分位数与扩大病例组合分析中的低死亡率风险显著相关。

绝对DPI与全因死亡率风险的关系,按eGFR分层(A)肾功能受损的参与者(B)肾功能正常的参与者。

在肾功能受损的参与者中,没有发现DPI密度与死亡率之间有显著关联。然而,在肾功能正常的参与者中,≥10%的较高DPI密度与死亡风险降低相关。

DPI占总能量摄入的比例与全因死亡率风险的关系,按eGFR分层(A)肾功能受损的参与者(B)肾功能正常的参与者。

在检查肾功能受损的参与者的HBV摄入量的二次分析中,在扩大病例组合分析中,HBV摄入量最高的三分位数与死亡率风险升高之间有显著关联:aHR为1.24。在肾功能正常的参与者中,HBV摄入量最高的三分位数与死亡率风险升高之间的关联在扩大病例组合模型中没有统计学意义:aHR为1.08。

HBV蛋白摄入量比例与全因死亡率风险的关系,按eGFR分层(A)肾功能受损的参与者(B)肾功能正常的参与者。

在肾功能受损的参与者中,研究没有发现基于年龄、性别、种族、收入、教育状况、吸烟状况、酒精使用、CVD状况、癌症状况、糖尿病状况、BMI水平或血清白蛋白水平的效应修饰。在肾功能正常的参与者中,研究观察到基于年龄的效应修饰,因此在扩大病例组合分析中,按ABW换算的DPI较高与较年轻(<65岁)参与者、而不是较年老(≥65岁)的参与者的死亡率风险降低相关。

实际体重 (ABW)换算的DPI与全因死亡率风险的关系,亚组分析(A)肾功能受损的参与者(B)肾功能正常的参与者。

研究人员指出,≥1.4 g/kg ABW/日的较高水平的DPI,与符合CKD阈值的肾功能受损的参与者的死亡率风险升高相关。这些发现对NDD-CKD患者的推荐管理以及当前的世俗实践具有若干重要影响。首先,最新的NKF KDOQI营养指南建议减少代谢稳定的非糖尿病性CKD和糖尿病性CKD患者的DPI(DPI分别为0.55–0.6 g/kg/日和0.6–0.8 g/kg/日), 改善全球肾脏病预后指南同样认可(NDD-CKD患者的 DPI 0.6–0.8 g/kg/日),作为改善 CKD进展的一种手段。然而,由于担心晚期肾病患者潜在的蛋白质能量消耗,这些建议并未得到广泛实施。虽然这项研究不是专门为检查DPI对肾功能轨迹的影响而设计的,但它们的观察支持降低KDOQI DPI阈值,并可能为NDD-CKD患者DPI限制的安全性提供保证。

这项研究的另一个值得注意的发现是观察到,在扩大病例组合分析中,较高的HBV蛋白质摄入水平与肾功能受损的参与者的死亡风险升高有关。由于HBV蛋白质来源往往来自动物蛋白质,这一发现表明,植物性蛋白质来源可能更有利于那些NDD-CKD患者。

最后,这项研究表明,在肾功能受损的参与者中,较高的膳食蛋白摄入量(DPI)和较大的高生物价(HBV)蛋白质摄入量与死亡风险升高有关,而较低的DPI与肾功能正常的参与者的死亡率升高有关。需要未来的研究来阐明较高的DPI与NDD-CKD患者死亡率之间的明确通路,并且需要进行干预性研究,以检查蛋白质摄入来源对这一人群健康结果的影响。

原始出处:

Yoko Narasaki, Yusuke Okuda et al. Dietary protein intake, kidney function, and survival in a nationally representative cohort. Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Mar 19;nqab011.  doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab011.  Online ahead of print.

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    2021-08-23 yese
  3. 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topicName=白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Wed Jun 09 03:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-06-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=974817, encodeId=c17b9e4817bc, content=学习了 谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jun 19 09:56:38 CST 2021, time=2021-06-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=974271, encodeId=87a69e427184, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=34f55526314, createdName=吖周, createdTime=Thu Jun 17 07:16:37 CST 2021, time=2021-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973296, encodeId=b6b59e3296d7, content=谢谢!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 13 16:39:03 CST 2021, time=2021-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1297133, encodeId=10c5129e1330e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=158288e017c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88701, encryptionId=158288e017c, topicName=蛋白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350442, encodeId=f94b1350442d6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=956614, encodeId=f15c9566141c, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210410/7c0b976873854f29b81ead6925ffb660/60e27a9873264bada93f1ff647ccbaee.jpg, createdBy=c7995478790, createdName=我是猴子搬来的救兵, createdTime=Tue Apr 13 15:49:09 CST 2021, time=2021-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2022-03-23 lmm397
  4. 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status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973296, encodeId=b6b59e3296d7, content=谢谢!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 13 16:39:03 CST 2021, time=2021-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1297133, encodeId=10c5129e1330e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=158288e017c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88701, encryptionId=158288e017c, topicName=蛋白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350442, encodeId=f94b1350442d6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=956614, encodeId=f15c9566141c, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210410/7c0b976873854f29b81ead6925ffb660/60e27a9873264bada93f1ff647ccbaee.jpg, createdBy=c7995478790, createdName=我是猴子搬来的救兵, createdTime=Tue Apr 13 15:49:09 CST 2021, time=2021-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862984, encodeId=092f18629840f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5ca453451f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#存活率#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45345, encryptionId=b5ca453451f, topicName=存活率)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5b3f89, createdName=daviiliu, createdTime=Fri Jul 23 07:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1850784, encodeId=759d1850e84a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46c682469e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肾功能#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82469, encryptionId=46c682469e4, topicName=肾功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=28d456, 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status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973296, encodeId=b6b59e3296d7, content=谢谢!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 13 16:39:03 CST 2021, time=2021-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1297133, encodeId=10c5129e1330e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=158288e017c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88701, encryptionId=158288e017c, topicName=蛋白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350442, encodeId=f94b1350442d6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=956614, encodeId=f15c9566141c, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210410/7c0b976873854f29b81ead6925ffb660/60e27a9873264bada93f1ff647ccbaee.jpg, createdBy=c7995478790, createdName=我是猴子搬来的救兵, createdTime=Tue Apr 13 15:49:09 CST 2021, time=2021-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-19 12192b1am98暂无昵称

    学习了 谢谢

    0

  6. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862984, encodeId=092f18629840f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b5ca453451f' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#存活率#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=45345, encryptionId=b5ca453451f, topicName=存活率)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=5b3f89, createdName=daviiliu, createdTime=Fri Jul 23 07:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-07-23, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1850784, encodeId=759d1850e84a3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=46c682469e4' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#肾功能#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=64, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=82469, encryptionId=46c682469e4, topicName=肾功能)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=28d456, 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topicName=白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=778d36, createdName=柳叶一刀, createdTime=Wed Jun 09 03:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-06-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=974817, encodeId=c17b9e4817bc, content=学习了 谢谢, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sat Jun 19 09:56:38 CST 2021, time=2021-06-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=974271, encodeId=87a69e427184, content=学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=95, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=34f55526314, createdName=吖周, createdTime=Thu Jun 17 07:16:37 CST 2021, time=2021-06-17, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973296, encodeId=b6b59e3296d7, content=谢谢!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 13 16:39:03 CST 2021, time=2021-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1297133, encodeId=10c5129e1330e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=158288e017c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88701, encryptionId=158288e017c, topicName=蛋白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350442, encodeId=f94b1350442d6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=956614, encodeId=f15c9566141c, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210410/7c0b976873854f29b81ead6925ffb660/60e27a9873264bada93f1ff647ccbaee.jpg, createdBy=c7995478790, createdName=我是猴子搬来的救兵, createdTime=Tue Apr 13 15:49:09 CST 2021, time=2021-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-17 吖周

    学习

    0

  7. 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status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973296, encodeId=b6b59e3296d7, content=谢谢!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 13 16:39:03 CST 2021, time=2021-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1297133, encodeId=10c5129e1330e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=158288e017c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88701, encryptionId=158288e017c, topicName=蛋白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1350442, encodeId=f94b1350442d6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=224a85904ad' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#膳食#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=85904, encryptionId=224a85904ad, topicName=膳食)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=4c37265, createdName=zhaojie88, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=956614, encodeId=f15c9566141c, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=104, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210410/7c0b976873854f29b81ead6925ffb660/60e27a9873264bada93f1ff647ccbaee.jpg, createdBy=c7995478790, createdName=我是猴子搬来的救兵, createdTime=Tue Apr 13 15:49:09 CST 2021, time=2021-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-06-13 12192b1am98暂无昵称

    谢谢!

    0

  8. 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status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973296, encodeId=b6b59e3296d7, content=谢谢!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 13 16:39:03 CST 2021, time=2021-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1297133, encodeId=10c5129e1330e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=158288e017c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88701, encryptionId=158288e017c, topicName=蛋白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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15:49:09 CST 2021, time=2021-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  9. 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status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=973296, encodeId=b6b59e3296d7, content=谢谢!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=78, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1a272265480, createdName=12192b1am98暂无昵称, createdTime=Sun Jun 13 16:39:03 CST 2021, time=2021-06-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1297133, encodeId=10c5129e1330e, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=158288e017c' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#蛋白质#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=72, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=88701, encryptionId=158288e017c, topicName=蛋白质)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c689267, createdName=cmj8wellington, createdTime=Wed Apr 14 01:44:17 CST 2021, time=2021-04-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), 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15:49:09 CST 2021, time=2021-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-14 zhaojie88
  10. 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15:49:09 CST 2021, time=2021-04-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-04-13 我是猴子搬来的救兵

    学习了

    0

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较低的TASV/RVSP比值与心脏重症监护病房患者的短期和长期死亡率增加相关,这些结果提示了RV肺动脉耦连受损作为不良预后的决定因素的重要性。

Neurology:胆碱酯酶抑制剂对认知衰退和死亡率的长期影响

ChEI与认知益处相关,并且随着时间的推移而持续存在,具有降低死亡风险的益处,这部分可以由其认知效应来解释。加兰他敏是唯一可显著降低罹患严重痴呆风险的CHEI。

Dig Dis Sci: 胰腺囊肿患者发生胰腺癌的几率和癌症相关死亡率都较低

胰腺囊肿的发生率通常在2-15%左右,主要包括良性囊性病变,例如假性囊肿和浆液性囊腺瘤,以及潜在的恶性囊肿,例如导管内乳头状粘液性肿瘤(IPMN)。

Lancet Public Health:妈妈孕前心理社会危险因素影响孩子

怀孕前20周的社会心理危险因素与低出生体重、早产及产后出院12个月期间受伤和死亡的风险大大增加有关。

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