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Science:自闭症遗传异质性或帮助开发个体化精准疗法

2015-10-23 佚名 生物谷

图片来源:medicalxpress.com 遗传研究揭示了成百上千个和神经变性障碍相关的风险基因,比如自闭症等,近日一项刊登于国际著名杂志Science上的研究论文中,来自MIT等处的科学家们通过研究解释了为何深入剖析自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)中所观察到的遗传异质性可以帮助开发治疗ASD疾病的精准化疗法。 研究者Sur教授说道,异质性是ASD研究中的一大障碍,但很多科学家们刚开始是利用广泛

图片来源:medicalxpress.com

遗传研究揭示了成百上千个和神经变性障碍相关的风险基因,比如自闭症等,近日一项刊登于国际著名杂志Science上的研究论文中,来自MIT等处的科学家们通过研究解释了为何深入剖析自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)中所观察到的遗传异质性可以帮助开发治疗ASD疾病的精准化疗法。

研究者Sur教授说道,异质性是ASD研究中的一大障碍,但很多科学家们刚开始是利用广泛的行为症状和障碍患者的机体损伤程度来进行研究,如今研究者们在纯粹的自闭症的基础上扩大了研究视野,他们检测了相关的遗传性障碍,比如染色体易脆症和蕾特氏症(Rett Syndrome)等。

研究者想去调查自闭症个体的基因组及其和环境的相互作用,同时研究者还结合了患者相关的效应来增强对引发ASD风险基因的理解,这或许可以帮助开发有效的治疗ASD的新型疗法。ASD是一种复杂的疾病,文章中研究者讨论了当前研究中所面临的障碍,并且提出了一些建议来帮助进行后期个体精准化疗法的开发。

研究者Sahin表示,在小鼠模型和人类受试对象机体中存在的可转移的生物标志物或许帮了大忙,这些生物标志物可以有效地帮助预测受试者对疗法的反应,从而帮助检测疗法的早期效应,可以帮助提供患者特殊表现的一组典型的生物标志物或许可以帮助科学家们检查和ASD发病相关的回路,这就可以帮助进行早期诊断及疾病分型和严重性的评估。

目前有两种FDA批准的药物可以用于治疗自闭症,而且这些药物都可以帮助患者缓解烦躁,由于单一基因的状况涉及多种潜在的靶点,而联合药物疗法看起来似乎较为有效,另外,联合疗法还可以使得患者神经元的异常表现恢复正常,患者的认知功能依赖于复杂的大脑回路及其个体同环境的相互作用,然而药物疗法可以纠正突触的异常,并且加速患者学习的效率。因此行为和药物干预的联合治疗或许是治疗ASD疾病的潜在疗法。

在美国68个儿童中就有1名自闭症患儿,科学们希望通过后期研究可以克服ASD研究中的障碍,并且开发出治疗ASD及其相关神经变性障碍的新型精准化个体疗法。

原文出处:

Mustafa Sahin1, Mriganka Sur2,.et al.Genes, circuits, and precision therapies for autism and related neurodevelopmental disorders.Science.2015

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    2015-10-25 智慧医人
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