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Hypertension:高血压和肥胖或为肾癌风险因子

2014-03-30 lostree5544 丁香园

  2014年3月17日匹兹堡大学的McTigue博士等在Hypertension发表一篇文章,提出血压的升高和BMI指数可作为肾癌的预测因子。McTigue博士以及同事对美国两大研究中心的群体进行研究,分别为女性健康中心临床试验和观测研究(156774名女性)和多危险干预试验(353340名男性),随访15-25年。   通过对女性健康中心的人群分析发现,相比收缩压≤120mmHg,收缩

  2014年3月17日匹兹堡大学的McTigue博士等在Hypertension发表一篇文章,提出血压的升高和BMI指数可作为肾癌的预测因子。McTigue博士以及同事对美国两大研究中心的群体进行研究,分别为女性健康中心临床试验和观测研究(156774名女性)和多危险干预试验(353340名男性),随访15-25年。

  通过对女性健康中心的人群分析发现,相比收缩压≤120mmHg,收缩压≥140mmHg人群肾癌的发病率上升。BMI研究中也出现类似的情况,尽管该趋势只在BMI>30kg/m2的人群中出现。

  多危险干预试验组中,随访过程中0.26%的男性死于肾癌患者,随着收缩压的升高(即使是在正常血压范围内),其危险性逐渐上升。相比血压 <120mm Hg的人群,血压为 120 -129 mm Hg的人群发病风险率为1.29,血压≥160mm Hg发病风险率则为1.87。

  此外,通过校正发现,吸烟人群肾癌的发病风险为1.75。在肾癌的发病风险上,吸烟与收缩压在肾癌的发病率上具有协同作用。

  研究人员提出,肥胖引发肾小球过滤升高,增加肾血流量,这导致了肾脏损伤和致癌的易感性。此外,高血压并发慢性肾功能缺氧(缺氧诱导因子上调)也可能导致肿瘤的发生。

  另外,肥胖和高血压与氧化应激和脂质过氧化相关,该现象可能在肾癌致病中起重要作用。同时,肥胖引起的胰岛素和胰岛素样生长因子 I 水平上升,增加了肿瘤的发生风险。当然,不能排除环境因素可能导致的肾脏损伤(导致肾癌发生)和血压的升高。

  研究对该研究存在的局限性进行了说明,比例随访的时间还太短,未能检测到肿瘤的发生,也未能观察到亚型肾癌的发展;另外,白种男性和女性人群中癌症发病率较高,这对于其他种族人群的研究造成了一定的障碍。

  虽然目前高血压和肥胖与肾癌相关性的病理生理学机制仍不明确,也不能将两者与肾癌的关系直接定义为因果关系,但是该研究为肾癌的危险因素提供了一定的补充,同时为降低肾癌的发病风险提出了新的假说,比如是否通过特定药物降低血压是否可以降低肾癌的发病风险?

原始出处:

Sanfilippo KM, McTigue KM, Fidler CJ, Neaton JD, Chang Y, Fried LF, Liu S, Kuller LH.Hypertension and Obesity and the Risk of Kidney Cancer in 2 Large Cohorts of US Men and Women.Hypertension. 2014 Mar 17.

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    2014-11-13 feather89
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    2015-02-03 sjq027
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