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International Journal of Drug Policy:通过经济激励措施推动烟草行业变革

2016-02-23 佚名 生物谷

最近发表于《International Journal of Drug Policy》的文章中,研究人员表示,如果政策制定者干预控制烟草行业的巨大盈利能力,公共卫生措施在减少吸烟方面会取得更大的成功。 香烟市场利润丰厚并且由少数大公司控制,这会导致对任何可能破坏它们盈利的新公共卫生措施的激烈对抗。 来自巴斯大学和渥太华大学的研

最近发表于《International Journal of Drug Policy》的文章中,研究人员表示,如果政策制定者干预控制烟草行业的巨大盈利能力,公共卫生措施在减少吸烟方面会取得更大的成功。

香烟市场利润丰厚并且由少数大公司控制,这会导致对任何可能破坏它们盈利的新公共卫生措施的激烈对抗。

来自巴斯大学和渥太华大学的研究人员们表示,政府应该向其他行业中的成功政策学习,比如从含铅汽油转换到无铅汽油的政策,以及其他促使转换为使用对健康影响较小的产品的政策。

他们提出一个新的竞争政策方法和一系列胡萝卜加大棒的激励措施,包括:税收差异,使燃烧性产品(比如香烟)与危害较小的替代性产品(比如电子烟)相比在市场上处于劣势;给予开发低风险产品的公司以税收抵免;以及更直接的措施比如价格控制和产品许可。

对该行业进行有效监管以控制利润,将创造对危害较小的商业机会(比如电子烟)的新诉求,从而为公司留下"逃生通道",使其不必为延续当前的烟草市场而极力对抗。

引入烟草相关的健康措施会因此而更直接、更快捷,成本更低,从而更容易地降低吸烟率。

巴斯大学管理学院治理与监管中心副主任Rob Branston博士说:"在香烟占据统治地位的烟草市场上,利润极其丰厚的公司会爪牙并施地极力反抗香烟控制措施,因为他们是为公司的生存而战。"

"如果公共卫生措施使烟草公司觉得它们将走投无路,那么这些政策的目标将难以实现。"

渥太华大学法学院及健康法律、政策和道德中心David Sweanor教授补充道:"适当的烟草/尼古丁多元化和退出策略将解决当前企业为追求股东利润而延续香烟市场的需求,从而保护公众健康。"

"需要给予公司激励措施,使其摆脱对致命香烟的关注,这样他们就能够接受燃烧性烟草产品的逐步减少,这很像石油公司从含铅汽油转向无铅汽油。"

"精心设计的行业激励机制可能导向香烟可行而快速的减少,最终实现公共健康历史性的突破。"

原始出处:

J Robert Branston,David Sweanor.Big tobacco, E-cigarettes,and a road to the smoking endgame.Drug policy.23 December 2015.

 

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    2016-10-24 般若傻瓜
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2008719, encodeId=8fe82008e193b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db6969548d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#eRNA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6954, encryptionId=db6969548d, topicName=eRNA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 23:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862237, encodeId=79e0186223e78, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1f0e626267' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Drug#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6262, encryptionId=1f0e626267, topicName=Drug)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun Aug 14 12:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880947, encodeId=b4e9188094eb8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Nov 24 19:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1310175, encodeId=781613101e528, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=53036e11185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烟草#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67111, encryptionId=53036e11185, topicName=烟草)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6a8d381, createdName=mnda, createdTime=Thu Feb 25 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=65247, encodeId=14386524e43, content=烟草行业应该取缔吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib260FNcic8ThYZTmbW36JHpvHcnIog7VbWIQjibo1kwuH9obXRJJtqHn1hYHHLG0DpIMIBVFPhBBpQOJWDk1rbib2Y/0, createdBy=d27274268, createdName=sillywu, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 11:18:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-08-14 爆笑小医
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2008719, encodeId=8fe82008e193b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db6969548d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#eRNA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6954, encryptionId=db6969548d, topicName=eRNA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 23:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862237, encodeId=79e0186223e78, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1f0e626267' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Drug#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6262, encryptionId=1f0e626267, topicName=Drug)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun Aug 14 12:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880947, encodeId=b4e9188094eb8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Nov 24 19:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1310175, encodeId=781613101e528, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=53036e11185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烟草#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67111, encryptionId=53036e11185, topicName=烟草)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6a8d381, createdName=mnda, createdTime=Thu Feb 25 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=65247, encodeId=14386524e43, content=烟草行业应该取缔吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib260FNcic8ThYZTmbW36JHpvHcnIog7VbWIQjibo1kwuH9obXRJJtqHn1hYHHLG0DpIMIBVFPhBBpQOJWDk1rbib2Y/0, createdBy=d27274268, createdName=sillywu, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 11:18:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-11-24 liye789132251
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    2016-02-25 mnda
  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2008719, encodeId=8fe82008e193b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=db6969548d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#eRNA#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=65, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6954, encryptionId=db6969548d, topicName=eRNA)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=ad9f79, createdName=般若傻瓜, createdTime=Mon Oct 24 23:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1862237, encodeId=79e0186223e78, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1f0e626267' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Drug#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=45, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=6262, encryptionId=1f0e626267, topicName=Drug)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=395f25, createdName=爆笑小医, createdTime=Sun Aug 14 12:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-14, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1880947, encodeId=b4e9188094eb8, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=49, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Thu Nov 24 19:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-11-24, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1310175, encodeId=781613101e528, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=53036e11185' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#烟草#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=59, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=67111, encryptionId=53036e11185, topicName=烟草)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=6a8d381, createdName=mnda, createdTime=Thu Feb 25 00:02:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-25, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=65247, encodeId=14386524e43, content=烟草行业应该取缔吧, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=103, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/oLAjfB7s1ib260FNcic8ThYZTmbW36JHpvHcnIog7VbWIQjibo1kwuH9obXRJJtqHn1hYHHLG0DpIMIBVFPhBBpQOJWDk1rbib2Y/0, createdBy=d27274268, createdName=sillywu, createdTime=Tue Feb 23 11:18:00 CST 2016, time=2016-02-23, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-02-23 sillywu

    烟草行业应该取缔吧

    0

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