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SPRINT试验结果公布,高血压市场骤然膨胀

2015-11-11 MedSci 美中药源

在今天进行的美国心脏病协会年会上由NIH资助的高血压实验SPRINT结果正式公布,同时在NEJM上发表,并伴随发表三篇评论,显示业界对此实验的重视。这个实验招募了9361名50岁以上、血压130毫米汞柱以上、没有糖尿病的患者。严格控制组一年后血压控制在121.4毫米,标准组在136.2毫米。随访3.26年后因疗效显着提前终止,结果120毫米组全因死亡155人,心血管死亡37人,而140毫米组分

在今天进行的美国心脏病协会年会上由NIH资助的高血压实验SPRINT结果正式公布,同时在NEJM上发表,并伴随发表三篇评论,显示业界对此实验的重视。这个实验招募了9361名50岁以上、血压130毫米汞柱以上、没有糖尿病的患者。严格控制组一年后血压控制在121.4毫米,标准组在136.2毫米。随访3.26年后因疗效显着提前终止,结果120毫米组全因死亡155人,心血管死亡37人,而140毫米组分别为210和65人。120毫米组复合终点(心梗、急性心脏病、心衰、中风、心血管死亡)发生率为5.2%,140毫米组为6.8%。但严格控制组安全性事件显着增加。

高血压是最早显示改善所谓化验指标可以带来收益的慢性病,早在50年代就有这方面数据。据估计50%的心血管疾病来自高血压。虽然降压可以带来心血管收益,但过度降压显然风险也很大,所以业界对血压控制在什么范围并无定论。不同机构给出的指南不同,但根据年龄、并发症一般在130-150毫米之间。以前曾有一个叫做ACCORD的试验比较控制在120和140毫米的区别但没有显示显着统计区别。但那个试验较小,只能区分27%以上的风险,而且人群是糖尿病并发人群。

这个实验曾经在九月因疗效突出而提前停止,但当时没有公布太多细节,只是说收缩压控制在120毫米汞柱比140毫米汞柱死亡风险下降约25%。今天的结果显示不仅相对风险下降显着,绝对风险也同样显着。三年避免一例一级终点需要治疗61人,避免一例死亡需治疗90人,而且亚组疗效均衡,副作用可以控制。非心血管死亡也下降约20%,不知是因为高血压有心血管以外的不良作用还是分组不均衡不得而知。

由于这个试验较为庞大这些结果非常可靠。这个结果会影响高血压的标准疗法,并会显着扩大高血压这个相对成熟的市场。现在140毫米的治疗目标即使在美国也只有1/3-1/2的患者能达到,在发展中国家据估计不到10%的病人能达到这个目标。如果以120毫米作为治疗目标显然大大增加治疗难度。这个试验达到120毫米平均使用3种降压药,但实际治疗中医生不愿使用2种以上的药物降压。为了避免低血压病人必须花更长时间滴定药量,医生需要更长时间检测病人,这些因素可能导致依从性下降和治疗成本的上升。

当然这为新型高效降压药提供了一个商机。使用方便、更为安全有效的降压药现在有了更大的市场。如果把高血压的定义从140降低到120毫米,仅美国一个市场就一夜之间多出2500万新病人,这个新增市场就是整个癌症市场的两倍。第一个受益的可能是诺华的心衰药物Entresto,因为这是两个降压药的组合并且已经在二期临床显示降压疗效。高血压是个相对成熟的市场,但一直由便宜老药控制。如果现有药物无法安全有效地达到新的治疗目标,这个庞大的市场可能会再度成为制药工业关注的领域。 

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  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2004364, encodeId=9ccd200436419, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=54ebe8621cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结果公布#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78621, encryptionId=54ebe8621cf, topicName=结果公布)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=279b407, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Fri Aug 19 11:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927526, encodeId=478d192e526f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5194166480e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SPRINT#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16648, encryptionId=5194166480e, topicName=SPRINT)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c77e138, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 16:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=56842, encodeId=ad65568421a, content=高血压越来越多……, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=32ba1611217, createdName=medsic, createdTime=Wed Jan 13 12:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=56843, encodeId=f72456843cf, content=高血压越来越多……, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=32ba1611217, createdName=medsic, createdTime=Wed Jan 13 12:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=43128, encodeId=ee3c431285e, content=真不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Fri Nov 13 15:33:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-12-16 kalseyzl
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=2004364, encodeId=9ccd200436419, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=54ebe8621cf' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#结果公布#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=52, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=78621, encryptionId=54ebe8621cf, topicName=结果公布)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=279b407, createdName=shanyongle, createdTime=Fri Aug 19 11:11:00 CST 2016, time=2016-08-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1927526, encodeId=478d192e526f6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=5194166480e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SPRINT#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=16648, encryptionId=5194166480e, topicName=SPRINT)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=c77e138, createdName=kalseyzl, createdTime=Wed Dec 16 16:11:00 CST 2015, time=2015-12-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=56842, encodeId=ad65568421a, content=高血压越来越多……, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=152, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=32ba1611217, createdName=medsic, createdTime=Wed Jan 13 12:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=56843, encodeId=f72456843cf, content=高血压越来越多……, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=140, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=32ba1611217, createdName=medsic, createdTime=Wed Jan 13 12:59:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=43128, encodeId=ee3c431285e, content=真不错, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=122, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=3b2c1627329, createdName=owlhealth, createdTime=Fri Nov 13 15:33:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-13, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-01-13 medsic

    高血压越来越多……

    0

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    2016-01-13 medsic

    高血压越来越多……

    0

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    2015-11-13 owlhealth

    真不错

    0

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