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Mol Microbiol:抗生素耐药——一个即将攻克的难题!

2017-10-23 sunshine2015 来宝网

抗生素的耐药性越来越普遍,并且威胁到全球的医疗体系,使受到破坏。抗生素包括青霉素,头孢菌素和碳青霉烯类被称为β-内酰胺类,是世界上最常见的。

为逆转抗生素耐药性提供显着希望的关键发现抗生素的耐药性越来越普遍,并且威胁到全球的医疗体系,使受到破坏。抗生素包括青霉素,头孢菌素和碳青霉烯类被称为β-内酰胺类,是世界上最常见的。

在第一篇论文中,布里斯托大学研究人员确定了与β-内酰胺抗生素耐药相关的两种机制的相对重要性。一方面,细菌限制抗生素进入细胞;另一方面,细菌产生酶(β-内酰胺酶),其破坏进入细胞的任何抗生素。后者被认为是两个机制中更重要的。这些发现意味着,如果可以发展化学物质来抑制β-内酰胺酶,那么很大一部分抗生素耐药性可以成功地逆转。

基于这些发现,并与牛津大学和利兹大学的化学家合作,在第二篇论文中,布里斯托研究人员研究了两种类型的β-内酰胺酶抑制剂在已知具有高抗性的细菌中的有效性

作者研究了Avibactam,一种最近被引入到临床实践中的抑制剂,还有一种“双环硼酸盐”抑制剂,其在2016年被牛津/利兹/布里斯托尔队首次报道。

他们发现两种抑制剂都不能一致地保护β内酰胺抗生素头孢他啶免受β-内酰胺酶的侵袭。然而,当与不同的β-内酰胺抗生素——氨曲南配对时,抑制剂工作得非常好并且杀死了在临床中看到的一些最耐药的细菌。

布里斯托尔细胞与分子医学学院分子细菌学读者马修·阿维森博士和两位研究的资深作者说:

“我们的细菌学研究进一步证明β-内酰胺酶是在英国每年杀死数***的细菌中抗生素耐药性的真正”跟腱。”

“我的同事Jim Spencer先生带领的β-内酰胺酶的结构/机制性工作正在帮助推动β-内酰胺酶抑制剂波动的发现,包括潜在的游戏变化的双环硼酸盐类,显示为在我们的研究中有效,最近在第一阶段临床试验成功。

“两种β-内酰胺酶抑制剂最近已被许可用于临床应用:阿维生素和维生素A.我们的工作表明,阿维菌素可能更成功地用氨曲南替代头孢他啶作为其抗生素合作伙伴,我们很高兴看到这种组合已进入临床试验,并最近挽救了患有以前无法治愈的感染的美国患者的生命。”

“研究β-内酰胺酶抑制剂是一个激动人心的时刻,因为Canute King的发声风险十年来,我们有能力回避β-内酰胺抗生素耐药性升高的能力 。”

原始出处:

Juan-Carlos Jiménez-Castellanos et al, Envelope proteome changes driven by RamA overproduction in Klebsiella pneumoniae that enhance acquired β-lactam resistance, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2017). DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx345

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    2018-05-11 xjy02
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    2018-07-12 sunylz
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