Baidu
map

Science:女性福音——“伟姐”(女用PDE5抑制剂)背后的故事

2015-08-26 佚名 生物谷

男人有“伟哥”(Viagra)助力重振雄风,而现在,针对女性人群的“伟姐”也将开始市售了。这种性欲增强药物——氟班色林(flibanserin,商品名Addyi)在上周终于通过了美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)的批准,并迅速成为了热议焦点。提倡者和质疑者们对“伟姐”的态度各种各样——建议、谨慎、批评、犹豫、好奇、围观。但究竟Addyi如何激发女性性欲,似乎大家仍然不太清楚。这个药物有很长的背景故事。


男人有“伟哥”(Viagra)助力重振雄风,而现在,针对女性人群的“伟姐”也将开始市售了。这种性欲增强药物——氟班色林(flibanserin,商品名Addyi)在上周终于通过了美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)的批准,并迅速成为了热议焦点。提倡者和质疑者们对“伟姐”的态度各种各样——建议、谨慎、批评、犹豫、好奇、围观。但究竟Addyi如何激发女性性欲,似乎大家仍然不太清楚。

这个药物有很长的背景故事。最初于1995年,药理学家Franco Borsini和一组意大利的研究人员将其作为抗抑郁药进行了测试。在那时,氟班色林被认为能够调节神经递质。具体地说,他们认为该药物能调节影响情绪三个关键神经递质:五羟色胺,多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素。而临床试验发现它对减轻抑郁没什么效果,却似乎对情绪影响更明显,只是这种情绪的变化并不是研究者所期待的。早期试验让临床医生了解氟班色林对性健康的作用更加突出——女性受试者的亚利桑那性体验量表(Arizona Sexual Experience Scale)分数增高。这个评分表要求参与者评价他们对各种性相关问题的满意度,比如参与者性欲望的频率和强烈程度。

意大利的另一个研究组在2008年完成了氟班色林改善性欲的第一次临床试验。他们通过受试者每天自身的性欲感记录来分析欲望水平。但是FDA两次结论都是此药物对性欲的增加并无统计学上的显著效果。同时监管者还担忧药物潜在的副作用,如头晕、嗜睡、恶心和昏厥。

那到底什么让FDA亮了绿灯?重要一点:试验的参数。最近的氟班色林临床试验中,研究者Sheryl Kingsberg认为对大脑性欲的评价并不是一个特别明确的测量项目。Sheryl Kingsberg是University Hospitals Case Medical Center的生殖生物学和心理学研究人员。她于2011年从意大利购回氟班色林,而在上周Valeant制药公司已经收购了此药。氟班色林相关的三个临床试验跨度超过8年,测量评价欲望的技术在这8年间也有所提高。根据2014年的最新试验结果,欲望的测量主要集中在三个点:性功能指数(女性回答过去28天内的性体验相关的问题,并从1到5给自己的性欲打分),满意的性生活,性欲低下的困扰。总体而言,参与者报告每月积极的性经验都在增加,大约10%以上的氟班色林服用者表现出十分有意义的改进体验。这之后,FDA批准了氟班色林作为第一个改善女性欲望的药物。

虽然它被戏称为“女伟哥”,其实两种药物的作用机理有很大不同。伟哥的目的是提高“性能”,而氟班色林的目的是平衡大脑中有关性欲的化学物质的平衡。尽管如此,研究人员对药物如何对大脑产生影响的理解仍然只有模糊概念。 圣地亚哥大学心理学家Stephen Stahl和来自意大利Boehinger Ingelheim的一群研究人员试图阐述它化学水平上的工作机制。2011年的发表在The Journal of Sexual Medicine杂志上的一篇综述中,他们总结回顾了以往的研究发现。他们是这样解释的:被认为阻碍性欲的5-羟色胺(Serotonin),在大脑中有两种类型的受体。5-HT1A抑制血清素的生产,而5-HT2A加速生产。氟班色林能够增强5-HT1A并抑制5-HT2A。在这两个影响下,五羟色胺的生产在很大程度上下调。此外,氟班色林下调5-羟色胺后,能减小释放其它增强性欲的神经递质的神经元激活。不过神经递质水平上,这些过渡转变的确切机制很大程度上仍是未知。

这些机制可能引起副作用:氟班色林的对5-HT1A的影响可能引起头晕和恶心,对5-HT2A的影响有可能联系到困倦。临床试验还表明,酒精能加剧氟班色林的效果。药物投入市场后(将于十月),试验将会仔细调查酒精到底如何与药物相互作用。目前FDA也给用户提供了黑盒警告标签。

原文出处:

Hanae Armitage.How does the new ‘female Viagra’ work?.Science.2015

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1851261, encodeId=5fed1851261ba, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Tue Jan 05 22:53:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1984866, encodeId=280919848663a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b9e21394eba' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PDE5抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13947, encryptionId=b9e21394eba, topicName=PDE5抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/lGEyfsKnIkkH93xUPMrUUycLh2XOfJJsphwPsVqDx8somSOepIFy9QE0MVAwDW3AS7V1epJ4tbPL9ADJLicvm8A/132, createdBy=b5132500067, createdName=ms55066533437992, createdTime=Sun Nov 08 06:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1308432, encodeId=c57a13084322b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b387526990e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#性福#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52699, encryptionId=b387526990e, topicName=性福)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76fa353, createdName=tm10051981, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 23:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375082, encodeId=6c7b13e5082d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 23:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-01-05 jklm09
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1851261, encodeId=5fed1851261ba, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Tue Jan 05 22:53:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1984866, encodeId=280919848663a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b9e21394eba' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PDE5抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13947, encryptionId=b9e21394eba, topicName=PDE5抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/lGEyfsKnIkkH93xUPMrUUycLh2XOfJJsphwPsVqDx8somSOepIFy9QE0MVAwDW3AS7V1epJ4tbPL9ADJLicvm8A/132, createdBy=b5132500067, createdName=ms55066533437992, createdTime=Sun Nov 08 06:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1308432, encodeId=c57a13084322b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b387526990e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#性福#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52699, encryptionId=b387526990e, topicName=性福)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76fa353, createdName=tm10051981, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 23:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375082, encodeId=6c7b13e5082d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 23:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1851261, encodeId=5fed1851261ba, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Tue Jan 05 22:53:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1984866, encodeId=280919848663a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b9e21394eba' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PDE5抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13947, encryptionId=b9e21394eba, topicName=PDE5抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/lGEyfsKnIkkH93xUPMrUUycLh2XOfJJsphwPsVqDx8somSOepIFy9QE0MVAwDW3AS7V1epJ4tbPL9ADJLicvm8A/132, createdBy=b5132500067, createdName=ms55066533437992, createdTime=Sun Nov 08 06:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1308432, encodeId=c57a13084322b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b387526990e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#性福#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52699, encryptionId=b387526990e, topicName=性福)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76fa353, createdName=tm10051981, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 23:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375082, encodeId=6c7b13e5082d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 23:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-08-27 tm10051981
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1851261, encodeId=5fed1851261ba, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=f0a254918f0' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=54918, encryptionId=f0a254918f0, topicName=抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=44a360, createdName=jklm09, createdTime=Tue Jan 05 22:53:00 CST 2016, time=2016-01-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1984866, encodeId=280919848663a, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b9e21394eba' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#PDE5抑制剂#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=13947, encryptionId=b9e21394eba, topicName=PDE5抑制剂)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://thirdwx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/vi_32/lGEyfsKnIkkH93xUPMrUUycLh2XOfJJsphwPsVqDx8somSOepIFy9QE0MVAwDW3AS7V1epJ4tbPL9ADJLicvm8A/132, createdBy=b5132500067, createdName=ms55066533437992, createdTime=Sun Nov 08 06:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-11-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1308432, encodeId=c57a13084322b, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=b387526990e' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#性福#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=52699, encryptionId=b387526990e, topicName=性福)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=76fa353, createdName=tm10051981, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 23:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1375082, encodeId=6c7b13e5082d3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2949159989d' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#SCIE#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=62, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=15998, encryptionId=2949159989d, topicName=SCIE)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=17a3387, createdName=jichang, createdTime=Thu Aug 27 23:53:00 CST 2015, time=2015-08-27, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2015-08-27 jichang

相关资讯

“女用PDE5抑制剂”英国上市 其疗效被怀疑

一种标榜为“女性伟哥”的草本药物本月在英国连锁药店上市,声称可以显著改善女性性机能障碍。不过,一些研究人员怀疑这种药物的确实疗效。 天然草本 英国《每日邮报》网站8日报道,这种药物叫“女性碧萝芷”,本月进驻英国“霍伦德和巴雷特”药房。 这种药物一瓶60粒,售价37.95英镑(约合62.3美元),用法每日两粒。报道说,这种药物据称可以给女性带来更“欢愉”体验。 生产商法尔诺德制药公司介绍

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map