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Sci Rep：没有Y染色体也可以变成“男人”

2016-10-05 佚名 生物谷

Y染色体
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图片来源：www.phys.org 近日，一项刊登在国际杂志Scientific Reports上的研究报告中，来自北海道大学的研究人员通过研究发现，关键的性别决定基因或许能在缺失Y染色体的哺乳动物机体中继续发挥作用，该研究对于理解性别分化的分子机制或将提供新的思路。 在很多胎盘哺乳动物(placental mammals)机体发育过程中，Y染色体能够诱导雄性分化，性别决定基因SRY存在于

图片来源：www.phys.org

近日，一项刊登在国际杂志Scientific Reports上的研究报告中，来自北海道大学的研究人员通过研究发现，关键的性别决定基因或许能在缺失Y染色体的哺乳动物机体中继续发挥作用，该研究对于理解性别分化的分子机制或将提供新的思路。

在很多胎盘哺乳动物(placental mammals)机体发育过程中，Y染色体能够诱导雄性分化，性别决定基因SRY存在于Y染色体中，而且其能够诱导其它调节性基因来抑制雌性的分化，而奄美刺鼠（Tokudaia osimensis）却是个例外，其机体中缺少Y染色体，当然SRY基因也就不存在了，但研究者比较好奇的是为何在奄美刺鼠中雄性的分化依然会继续发生呢？

研究人员通过进行基因图谱绘制从而确定了奄美刺鼠基因组中性别相关基因的染色体位点，随后他们将奄美刺鼠的核苷酸和氨基酸序列同其它小鼠、大鼠进行对比，利用培养细胞进行研究，研究人员检测了这些性别相关基因被调节的分子机制。

此前研究中，研究人员对SRY基因进行了分析研究，该基因能够开启一系列调节性基因的表达，比如Sox9和AMH基因，这些基因在雄性分化过程中都扮演着重要的角色，本文中研究者通过研究发现，尽管奄美刺鼠机体中没有SRY基因，但这些调节性基因依然能够被正常开启正常发挥作用，同时在其它胎盘哺乳动物中也能发挥相应的作用。

研究者Kuroiwa教授指出，我们推测在奄美刺鼠机体中有一种未知的基因替代了SRY基因扮演着类似该基因的角色，在整个进化过程中，哺乳动物机体的Y染色体能够通过减少携带基因的数量来明显缩小自己的体积，有些科学家认为，在未来某个时间点Y染色体会彻底消失，而研究者说道，我们希望基于当前的研究结果，能够帮助我们理解不依赖Y染色体及其进化方向的机体性别进化发生的机制和原理。

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    2016-10-07 新生儿张玉军

    #染色体#

    0

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    2016-10-07 周虎

    #Y染色体#

    0

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    2016-10-06 医路开来

    省的整容和變性

    0

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    2016-10-06 医路开来

    這是徹底變成男人啦嗎

    0

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    2016-10-06 医路开来

    謝謝分享，，，

    0

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    2016-10-06 医路开来

    學習啦，，，

    0

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    2016-10-05 明月清辉

    奇思妙想，大胆创新。

    0

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