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董家鸿:精准医疗助力“大健康”发展

2015-05-06 佚名 新华健康

“精准医疗将实现对疾病发生和发展各环节的系统防控和精确打击。”北京清华长庚医院执行院长、学术委员会主席董家鸿教授近期在接受新华健康记者采访时表示,医疗精准化将助力我国现代“大健康”体系建设。    发展“大健康”离不开精准医疗    “建设‘大健康’体系,就要把疾病治疗的关口前移,重视疾病预防和健康管理,这和精准医疗是分不开的,”董家鸿认

“精准医疗将实现对疾病发生和发展各环节的系统防控和精确打击。”北京清华长庚医院执行院长、学术委员会主席董家鸿教授近期在接受新华健康记者采访时表示,医疗精准化将助力我国现代“大健康”体系建设。
    
发展“大健康”离不开精准医疗
    
“建设‘大健康’体系,就要把疾病治疗的关口前移,重视疾病预防和健康管理,这和精准医疗是分不开的,”董家鸿认为,精准医学将增加对人体机能和疾病本质的科学认识,“未来的医疗服务将以最有效、最安全、最经济的方式实现个体和社会健康效益最大化”。
    
董家鸿说,在“大健康”时代,治疗疾病要寻根究底,在疾病发生发展的各个环节上实现系统防控和“精准”打击。“首先要从源头上诊断疾病,了解患者得病的原因。如果不能远离致病因素,比如在雾霾天,大家不能通过不呼吸来避免吸入空气中的有害物质,那就要了解发病机制,争取在致病路径上加以阻断。”
    
董家鸿透露,北京清华长庚医院正筹建清华大学精准医学研究院,旨在成为重大疾病协同创新研究中心,临床与流行病学的研究平台,临床转化的科学研发平台,和健康科技产业的孵化器。
    
3D技术助力外科精准化
    
“精准外科是一种基于高度确定性的外科实践,追求三个关键外科要素——病灶清除、脏器保护和损伤控制之间的精确平衡,通过对外科治疗安全、高效和微创的多目标优化,最后实现病患康复最大化的目标。”董家鸿说,北京清华长庚医院首创将3D技术应用于肝胆胰外科手术,并取得手术成功,是精准外科的具体体现。
    
董家鸿介绍,在传统肝脏手术时,医生要在头脑中将术前二维影像图片转换为三维立体影像,判断病灶和重要结构的关系,再设计手术方案,“由于不同医生的立体思维能力和临床经验不同,各自在脑海中重建的肝脏立体结构和设计出的手术方案也不尽相同”。
 
而在3D重建打印技术的辅助下,外科医生终于可以“眼见为实”。“使用3D技术可以快速复制出与病人真实肝脏解剖完全一致的透明化肝脏3D模型,外科医生在术前即可从多维度精确定位病灶,确定正确手术路径和程序方案,并预演手术,”董家鸿说,这缩短了术前评估和准备的周期,提高了外科医疗效率,更重要的是,“利于医生完整地切除病灶,同时避免损伤患者肝部的健康组织”。

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