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Addict Behav:止痛药依赖让海洛因成瘾问题更加复杂

2015-08-20 佚名 生物谷

 毒品(鸦片)一直是很多社会黑暗现象的根源。在大多数地方,只有很少的海洛因流通在社会上。但是,在很多美国年轻白人中出现了一种越来越明显的趋势,那就是在吸食海洛因的同时,还滥用处方止痛药。这种海诺因-止痛药的组合似乎很有吸引力,吸引着很多不吸食海洛因的人群开始尝试这个组合。南佛罗里达州大学的助理教授Khary K. Rigg和宾夕法尼亚州立大学的助理教授Shannon M. Monnat

毒品(鸦片)一直是很多社会黑暗现象的根源。在大多数地方,只有很少的海洛因流通在社会上。但是,在很多美国年轻白人中出现了一种越来越明显的趋势,那就是在吸食海洛因的同时,还滥用处方止痛药。这种海诺因-止痛药的组合似乎很有吸引力,吸引着很多不吸食海洛因的人群开始尝试这个组合。南佛罗里达州大学的助理教授Khary K. Rigg和宾夕法尼亚州立大学的助理教授Shannon M. Monnat对此趋势进行了研究,相关工作发表在Addictive Behaviors

他们发现,近年来,越来越多的年轻白人开始尝试海洛因和处方止痛药一起服用,而且这个现象似乎有愈演愈烈的趋势。这种现实可能是二三十年前人们对止痛药依赖的多米诺骨牌效应。在1980年代和1990年代,美国一些地区出现了处方止痛药的滥用,导致人们对于止痛药存在药物依赖。后来,止痛药的滥用受到了很多限制,所以很多有止痛药物依赖的人群开始转向更便宜、容易获得的海洛因。这其中,就有一些人开始尝试同时服用处方止痛药和吸食海洛因。当然也有一部分人坚持只服用止痛药。但是同时服用止痛药和吸食海洛因的人群增长速度更快。

根据美国国家药品使用与健康状况调查(2010-2013)的数据,三种人群(止痛药成瘾、止痛药-海洛因成瘾、海洛因成瘾)的群体数量不一,其中止痛药成瘾人群数量最大,止痛药-海洛因成瘾则其次。根据这个研究,最新的数据显示,美国止痛药-海洛因成瘾人群的数量大有快速扩大的趋势。这对于更多的人们带来了新的健康威胁,针对这种现象治疗的专业医护人员培养也需要得到重视。

一般地,吸食海洛因人群的社会学特征是,这些人多半是居住在城区的贫困黑人。但是似乎有新的趋势发现,越来越多的白人青年开始止痛药-海洛因成瘾,而且这些白人多是有正当职业并居住在乡村或者小城镇。相对来说,只有止痛药成瘾的人群相对于海洛因成瘾、止痛药-海洛因成瘾的人群有相对更好的生理和精神状态。然而,随着海洛因(以及止痛药-海洛因)成瘾人群的扩大,更多人把自己暴露在了HIV和性相关的疾病风险环境中。而我们所能做的是,珍爱生命,远离毒品

原始出处:

Rigg KK, Monnat SM.Comparing Characteristics of Prescription Painkiller Misusers and Heroin Users in the United States.Addict Behav. 2015 Jul 26;51:106-112. 


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    2016-09-15 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章不错,值得拜读

    0

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    2016-06-22 jeanqiuqiu
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    2015-08-22 qjddjq
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