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Front Oncol:可切除NSCLC患者术前化疗联合免疫治疗是安全可行的

2021-10-08 yd2015 MedSci原创

研究表明,可切除NSCLC患者术前化疗联合免疫治疗是安全可行的。

可切除非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的新辅助化疗+免疫治疗是一个重要的研究课题。尽管这种方法有潜在的好处,但新辅助化疗+免疫治疗相关的不良事件有可能会影响手术。但是,目前对于这些方面不明确。因此,来自中南大学湘雅医院的团队开展了相关研究,评估了可切除NSCLC手术后新辅助化疗+免疫治疗的安全性和可行性。相关结果发表在Frontiers in Oncology杂志上。

这项研究于2019年5月至2021年3月进行。纳入年龄大于或等于18岁、诊断为Ib-IIIb期NSCLC并接受新辅助化疗+免疫治疗后进行手术的患者。通过回顾性收集人口统计学信息、临床和病理特征、新辅助治疗数据和手术细节。通过回顾性或电话随访收集不良反应事件。

2019年5月至2021年3月,20例患者接受了新辅助化疗联合免疫治疗。诊断的中位年龄为56岁(范围为48 - 72岁),其中18例(90%)为男性。17名患者目前或曾经吸烟。术前临床分期:20例中9例(45%)为IIIa期;5例 (25%)为IIIb期;2例(10%)为IIb期;和1例(5%)为IIa期。组织学亚型中,以鳞癌(14/20,70%)最常见,其次为腺癌(4/20,20%)、腺鳞癌(1/20,5%)和大细胞神经内分泌癌(1/20,5%)。14例患者PD-L1表达为1% - 50%,大多数患者Ki-67表达为30% - 70%(17/20,85%)。

化疗方案包括2例卡铂联合培美曲塞,10例卡铂联合紫杉醇,3例顺铂联合吉西他滨,2例顺铂联合培美曲塞,3例顺铂联合紫杉醇。信迪利单抗(7/ 20,35%)是最常用的免疫检查点抑制剂,其次是帕博利珠单抗(6/ 20,30%)、替雷利珠单抗(5/20,25%)和特瑞普利单抗(2/20,10%)。7例患者(35%)术前接受了2个疗程的免疫治疗,7例患者(35%)和6例患者(30%)术前分别接受了3个和4个疗程的免疫治疗。最后新辅助治疗和手术之间的中位时间间隔为49天(范围23-133天)。

        治疗方式及疗效

新辅助治疗后的CT评估显示15例患者(75%)部分缓解,5例患者(25%)病情稳定。最终病理检查显示8例患者出现主要病理缓解(MPR),其中5例(25%)为病理完全缓解(pCR)。大多数患者(18/20,90%)获得病理分期降低。

12例患者(60%)接受开胸手术;8例(40%)患者接受微创手术,其中4例接受机器人胸腔镜手术(RATS), 4例接受电视胸腔镜手术(VATS)。微创手术患者均无手术中转开胸。最常见的手术是肺叶切除术(13/20,65%),其次是袖状切除术(6/20,30%)和全肺切除术(1/20,5%)。1例患者行双侧淋巴结清扫术。中位手术时间为150分钟(范围90-220分钟)。中位失血量为95毫升(范围60-300毫升)。术后平均住院时间为4.9天(范围为2.5 - 9.2天)。无围手术期死亡病例。7例(35%)发生术后并发症。肺炎和尿潴留是最常见的并发症,均发生在2例患者(10%)。1例患者因乳糜胸再次手术。房颤和水气胸各有1例发生。一名接受全肺切除术的患者术后出现呼吸衰竭和深静脉血栓,并伴有尿潴留。一名接受机器人辅助胸腔镜肺叶切除术的病人除了肺炎外,还经历了长时间的漏气(5天)。

      手术相关信息

在新辅助治疗期间,20例患者中有13例(65%)经历了1级治疗相关的不良反应,20例患者中有1例(10%)经历了2级不良反应。没有发生3级或更严重的不良反应。最常见的1级不良反应是脱发、呕吐、打嗝和疲劳。1例患者瘙痒2级,应用地塞米松乳膏后好转。17例患者出现1级实验室异常。最常见的实验室异常发现是贫血、低白蛋白血症和血尿素氮升高。1例患者在新辅助治疗期间出现2级中性粒细胞减少,在使用重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子治疗后改善。没有患者有3级或更严重的实验室异常。没有患者因免疫相关不良事件而经历手术延迟。

           不良事件

综上,研究表明,可切除NSCLC患者术前化疗联合免疫治疗是安全可行的。

原始出处:

Hu Y, Ren S-Y, Wang R-Y, Zeng C, Li J-N, Xiao P, Wu F, Yu F-L and Liu W-L (2021) Surgical Outcomes After Neoadjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy for Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front. Oncol. 11:684070. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.684070

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    2022-03-07 minlingfeng
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    2022-06-29 jklm09
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