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研究分析:血浆EGFR突变早期清除预测EGFR-TKI疗效

2019-06-09 佚名 肿瘤资讯

美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)成立于1964年,ASCO年会是世界上规模最大,学术水平最高,最具权威的临床肿瘤学会议。2019年ASCO年会于美国东部时间5月31日至6月4日在芝加哥举办,今年会议的主题为“Caring for Every Patient, Learning from Every Patient”。本次会议上,上海市肺科医院周彩存教授最新研究结果——“在FLAURA研究中,血浆EGF

美国临床肿瘤学会(ASCO)成立于1964年,ASCO年会是世界上规模最大,学术水平最高,最具权威的临床肿瘤学会议。2019年ASCO年会于美国东部时间5月31日至6月4日在芝加哥举办,今年会议的主题为“Caring for Every Patient, Learning from Every Patient”。本次会议上,上海市肺科医院周彩存教授最新研究结果——“在FLAURA研究中,血浆EGFR突变早期清除可作为奥希替尼和第一代EGFR-TKI疗效的预测因子(ABS:9020)”入选转移性非小细胞肺癌“Poster Discussion Session”。

奥希替尼是第三代口服不可逆EGFR-TKI。基于FLAURA研究,奥希替尼已在美国FDA获批用于EGFR敏感突变阳性晚期非小细胞肺癌NSCLC)的一线治疗,目前奥希替尼在国内也已递交用于NSCLC一线治疗的申请,有望年内获批。FLAURA研究结果显示,对比第一代EGFR-TKI(吉非替尼和厄洛替尼),奥希替尼显着延长患者的无进展生存期(mPFS;18.9个月 vs 10.2个月),奥希替尼降低54%的疾病进展或死亡风险(HR=0.46,95% CI 0.37~0.57,P<0.0001)。

同时奥希替尼具有较强的血脑屏障穿透能力,在亚组分析中,对于基线合并脑转移的患者(n=116),奥希替尼组患者的中位PFS为15.2个月,而吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组为9.6个月(HR=0.47,95% CI,0.30~0.74,P=0.0009)。对于合并中枢神经系统转移的患者,与吉非替尼/厄洛替尼治疗相比,奥希替尼治疗降低了52%的中枢神经系统疾病进展风险(HR=0.48,95% CI 0.26~0.86,P=0.014)。

尽管目前FLAURA研究的总生存期(OS)数据尚未公布,但中期分析显示,相比吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组,奥希替尼组降低了37%的死亡风险(HR =0.63,95% CI 0.45~0.88,P=0.0068)。后续公布的FLAURA研究疾病进展后结局(Post Progression Outcomes,PPO),进一步增强了奥希替尼作为一线治疗OS优势的信心。在安全性方面,奥希替尼同样优于第一代EGFR-TKI。

研究背景及方法

周彩存教授发布的最新研究结果来自FLAURA研究探索性分析,对EGFR敏感突变采用EGFR-TKI作为一线治疗的患者,在基线、治疗开始后第3周和第6周通过数字PCR进行血浆EGFR基因突变检测分析。将EGFR清除定义为在第3周或第6周ctNDA中检测不到EGFR敏感突变(患者在基线时ctNDA中可检测到EGFR敏感突变),基于EGFR敏感突变的早期清除评估患者的PFS。

研究结果

在总共556例患者中,499例患者血液ctDNA可评估(奥希替尼组:247/499例,49%;吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组:252/499例,51%)。基线时,奥希替尼组68%(171/247例)、吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组69%(181/252例)的患者ctDNA检测到EGFR敏感突变,并被纳入本次探索性分析中。第3/6周时,奥希替尼组98%(168/171例)、吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组96%(174/181例)的患者ctDNA清除可评估。

研究显示,第3周检测到血浆EGFR敏感突变患者的中位PFS为9.5个月(7.0~10.9个月),而血浆EGFR敏感突变清除(未检测到EGFR敏感突变)患者的PFS为13.5个月(11.1~15.2个月),第6周血浆EGFR敏感突变清除患者的情况与第三周相似,但治疗开始后第六周血浆中仍可检测到血浆EGFR敏感突变患者的中位PFS更差,为8.2个月(6.8~10.9个月)。EGFR-TKI一线治疗第3周或第6周后血浆EGFR突变清除与患者的PFS改善相关。

进一步分析显示,不论患者血浆EGFR突变清除状态如何,奥希替尼组患者的PFS均显着优于吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组。

研究结论

EGFR突变阳性晚期NSCLC患者血浆中EGFR敏感突变的早期清除,是接受一线EGFR-TKI治疗预后的预测因子。在先前AURA试验中,二线使用奥希替尼治疗也观察到类似的结果。与在基线时未检测到血浆EGFR敏感突变的患者相比,检测到血浆EGFR突变患者的PFS更差。无论清除状态如何,奥希替尼组的PFS均显着优于第一代药物吉非替尼/厄洛替尼组。这些数据表明,在使用奥希替尼一线治疗的早期,可以发现那些在更短时间内出现疾病进展或死亡的高风险患者。目前正在对治疗过程中的其他时间点进行系列分析,并进一步研究在EGFR-TKI治疗后检测到血浆EGFR敏感突变患者早期进展高风险的内在机制。

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    2019-09-11 周虎
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    2019-06-11 lsj628
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    2019-06-11 liuyiping
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    2019-06-10 内科新手

    谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多

    0

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