Baidu
map

Lancet:科学家为抗击乌克兰艾滋病疫情支招

2020-01-10 佚名 中国科学报

美国耶鲁大学研究人员领导的一项新研究发现,扩大使用美沙酮和丁丙诺啡治疗阿片类药物使用障碍,可以大大减少乌克兰艾滋病传播率和死亡数。在该国,艾滋病蔓延于毒品注射人群。相关研究近日刊登于《柳叶刀》。

美国耶鲁大学研究人员领导的一项新研究发现,扩大使用美沙酮和丁丙诺啡治疗阿片类药物使用障碍,可以大大减少乌克兰艾滋病传播率和死亡数。在该国,艾滋病蔓延于毒品注射人群。相关研究近日刊登于《柳叶刀》。

乌克兰是东欧和中亚第二大艾滋病流行地。研究显示,乌克兰每年新增艾滋病病毒感染者从 2010 年的 9500 人增至 2018 年的 12000 人。如果不采取额外的干预措施,新感染病例可能在 10 年内增加约 6 万个。

研究人员发现,对至少 20% 的阿片类药物滥用患者——这是世界卫生组织建议的最低限度——进行注射治疗,可以在 10 年内减少逾 1 万例新艾滋病病毒感染病例和近 1.8 万例新死亡病例。

目前,乌克兰只有 2.7% 的注射毒品者得到 OAT(阿片受体激动剂治疗)治疗,尽管 OAT 已经被证明是有效的。

“OAT 是阿片类药物使用障碍和预防艾滋病病毒感染的最有效治疗方法之一。” 该研究合着者 Lynn Madden 说,“除了治疗阿片类药物依赖外,它还大大减少了药物的使用和注射频率,降低了艾滋病病毒的传播率,并防止了死亡,包括因服药过量而死亡。”

此外,资深作者、耶鲁大学医学副研究员 Alexei Zelenev 说,乌克兰的医疗保健系统也需要现代化,需要扩大艾滋病病毒检测范围,因为只有 56% 的艾滋病病毒感染者知道自己的感染状况。

研究人员获得了乌克兰 23 个地区的艾滋病病毒流行概况和区域数据,包括 OAT 治疗。他们的数学模型评估了当前 OAT 治疗方案的效率,并评估了将这些方案扩大到 20% 的药物注射人群的效果。

考虑到地区差异,这项研究表明,在有大量注射毒品人口的地区,如第聂伯彼得罗夫斯克、敖德萨和基辅,扩大 OAT 剂量将极大减少感染和死亡。

研究人员还表示,除了扩大现有治疗地点的治疗能力外,将成瘾治疗扩大到初级保健诊所,以及通过可带回家的药物处方,也是获得有效治疗的重要途径。

原始出处:

Jiale Tan, et al. Effect of expanding opioid agonist therapies on the HIV epidemic and mortality in Ukraine: a modelling study. The Lancet, Published:December 23, 2019DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-3018(19)30373-X.

版权声明:
本网站所有内容来源注明为“梅斯医学”或“MedSci原创”的文字、图片和音视频资料,版权均属于梅斯医学所有。非经授权,任何媒体、网站或个人不得转载,授权转载时须注明来源为“梅斯医学”。其它来源的文章系转载文章,或“梅斯号”自媒体发布的文章,仅系出于传递更多信息之目的,本站仅负责审核内容合规,其内容不代表本站立场,本站不负责内容的准确性和版权。如果存在侵权、或不希望被转载的媒体或个人可与我们联系,我们将立即进行删除处理。
在此留言
评论区 (4)
#插入话题
  1. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969178, encodeId=f01f19691e83f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=950286823c5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#艾滋病疫情#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86823, encryptionId=950286823c5, topicName=艾滋病疫情)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e72268, createdName=zhixianchen, createdTime=Fri Jun 12 03:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774979, encodeId=2f231e74979a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17135e073b5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#支招#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57073, encryptionId=17135e073b5, topicName=支招)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c21738724507, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Tue Feb 18 12:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1689966, encodeId=0c7016899660f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=47bf2333975' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#乌克兰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23339, encryptionId=47bf2333975, topicName=乌克兰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=893828933984, createdName=minhuang75_72521593, createdTime=Fri Sep 11 14:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1830400, encodeId=6b3e183040098, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Tue Jun 09 14:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969178, encodeId=f01f19691e83f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=950286823c5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#艾滋病疫情#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86823, encryptionId=950286823c5, topicName=艾滋病疫情)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e72268, createdName=zhixianchen, createdTime=Fri Jun 12 03:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774979, encodeId=2f231e74979a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17135e073b5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#支招#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57073, encryptionId=17135e073b5, topicName=支招)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c21738724507, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Tue Feb 18 12:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1689966, encodeId=0c7016899660f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=47bf2333975' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#乌克兰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23339, encryptionId=47bf2333975, topicName=乌克兰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=893828933984, createdName=minhuang75_72521593, createdTime=Fri Sep 11 14:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1830400, encodeId=6b3e183040098, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Tue Jun 09 14:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969178, encodeId=f01f19691e83f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=950286823c5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#艾滋病疫情#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86823, encryptionId=950286823c5, topicName=艾滋病疫情)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e72268, createdName=zhixianchen, createdTime=Fri Jun 12 03:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774979, encodeId=2f231e74979a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17135e073b5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#支招#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57073, encryptionId=17135e073b5, topicName=支招)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c21738724507, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Tue Feb 18 12:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1689966, encodeId=0c7016899660f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=47bf2333975' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#乌克兰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23339, encryptionId=47bf2333975, topicName=乌克兰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=893828933984, createdName=minhuang75_72521593, createdTime=Fri Sep 11 14:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1830400, encodeId=6b3e183040098, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Tue Jun 09 14:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1969178, encodeId=f01f19691e83f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=950286823c5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#艾滋病疫情#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=86823, encryptionId=950286823c5, topicName=艾滋病疫情)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=1e72268, createdName=zhixianchen, createdTime=Fri Jun 12 03:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1774979, encodeId=2f231e74979a5, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=17135e073b5' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#支招#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=66, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=57073, encryptionId=17135e073b5, topicName=支招)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=c21738724507, createdName=psybestwish, createdTime=Tue Feb 18 12:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-02-18, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1689966, encodeId=0c7016899660f, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=47bf2333975' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#乌克兰#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=53, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=23339, encryptionId=47bf2333975, topicName=乌克兰)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=893828933984, createdName=minhuang75_72521593, createdTime=Fri Sep 11 14:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-09-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1830400, encodeId=6b3e183040098, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=51, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Tue Jun 09 14:19:00 CST 2020, time=2020-06-09, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2020-06-09 howi

相关资讯

乌克兰冲突加剧艾滋病传播

据新华社电 研究人员1月15日说,乌克兰东部自2014年以来发生的武装冲突不仅导致上百万人逃离家园,还加剧了这个国家的艾滋病病毒的传播。新一期美国《国家科学院学报》刊登英国牛津大学等机构研究人员的论文说,他们对2012年到2015年在乌克兰24个诊所收集到的427名病人的艾滋病病毒基因序列进行了分析,得出了病毒迁徙模式。结果显示,冲突导致的人员大规模流动与艾滋病病毒传播紧密相关。据介绍,

小儿麻痹症袭击马里和乌克兰,由疫苗引发

马里和乌克兰出现小儿麻痹症疫情。图片来源:B. K. BANGASH 9月7日,马里的一名儿童被确诊患有小儿麻痹症,这距离乌克兰西南部出现两例确诊病例仅1周。虽然两地的小儿麻痹症暴发并不相关,但这些病例都是由疫苗衍生脊髓灰质炎病毒(VDPV)引发的。当一种被用于活疫苗的病毒摆脱削弱状态并重新获得毒性后,这些罕见的VDPV就会出现。由于这两个地区的疫苗接种率较低,因此VDPV将带来极大危害——

Baidu
map
Baidu
map
Baidu
map