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Neurology:阿尔兹海默症或可18岁就进行风险预测?

2016-07-10 佚名 生物探索

作为常见的神经性衰退疾病,AD已经成为威胁老年人健康和生命的主要病因。据阿尔兹海默症协会统计数据,截止2015年,全球共有4,400万例阿尔兹海默症患者,预计2050年病患数量估计将上涨至13,500万例。目前针对AD的药物研发大多致力于减缓大脑神经的衰退。研究证实,在痴呆症状表现出来之前,其大脑病变已经潜伏并发展了至少十年之久,所以,如何在病情凸显之前及时预测患病风险很重要。近期,来自于麻省总医

作为常见的神经性衰退疾病,AD已经成为威胁老年人健康和生命的主要病因。据阿尔兹海默症协会统计数据,截止2015年,全球共有4,400万例阿尔兹海默症患者,预计2050年病患数量估计将上涨至13,500万例。

目前针对AD的药物研发大多致力于减缓大脑神经的衰退。研究证实,在痴呆症状表现出来之前,其大脑病变已经潜伏并发展了至少十年之久,所以,如何在病情凸显之前及时预测患病风险很重要。

近期,来自于麻省总医院Elizabeth C. Mormino及其团队研发出一种遗传风险评估体系有望能用于预测18岁健康人患阿尔兹海默症(AD)的风险。相关研究成果发表于《Neurology》期刊。

多基因风险评估,预测年轻人未来患AD的概率

虽然对于AD的致病机理还未有统一定论,但是已有多篇学术文章揭示了涉及其中的突变基因,例如APOE基因。迄今为止,除了APOE,共有21个易感基因被证实与阿尔兹海默症有关。为了预测AD患病风险,研究人员创建了一个基于这些基因的评估体系。

他们选取166名痴呆症患者和1026名健康成年人(平均年龄75)作为研究对象,分析他们的基因组数据,通过筛查他们是否含有上述突变基因对其进行打分。研究团队还对受试对象的临床症状进行了评估,包括认知能力、记忆力、海马体积等。

此外,研究人员将这一多基因风险评估体系应用于1322名健康成年人(年龄18—35岁),并记录了他们大脑海马体积,以此确定两者之间是否存在关联。

结果发现,无论患病与否,对于老年人而言,多基因风险评估得分高预示着记忆力差、海马体积小。研究人员推测,这一评估指标可能与AD临床病症有关联。3年研究期间,有194名老年人的认知能力达到评估基线,15名老年人出现轻度认知障碍,而原先就患有轻度认知障碍的332名老年人中有143位病情发展至阿尔兹海默症。

而基于年轻人的分析结果显示,多基因风险评分高同样预示着海马体积缩减。这一发现表明,AD并不是特定发生于老年时期的疾病,也可能在成年初期就已经“埋下伏笔”。

总结:关于阿尔兹海默症的患病风险能够在其临床病症出现之前就进行预测,哪怕是年轻的时候。当然,研究人员强调,这一份研究受试对象有限,还需要投入更大规模的研究。不过,他们认为,这些结果有利于更好的预测阿尔兹海默症的患病概率,从而起到及早预防和诊断的作用。


原始出处

Elizabeth C. Mormino, PhD, Reisa A. Sperling, MD, Avram J. Holmes, PhD, Randy L. Buckner, PhD, Philip L. De Jager, MD, PhD, Jordan W. Smoller, MD, ScD, Mert R. Sabuncu, PhD;Polygenic risk of Alzheimer disease is associated with early- and late-life processes.Neurology.2016

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    2016-10-16 yinhl1978
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1999722, encodeId=bd721999e2237, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=d5df12695e6' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Neurol#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=61, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12695, encryptionId=d5df12695e6, topicName=Neurol)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=8217292, createdName=yinhl1978, createdTime=Sun Oct 16 06:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-16, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=145811, encodeId=52a81458113b, content=好文值得点赞!继续关注学习。, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=86, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7s7ZCKOmmbBTD6nE7gcd5OZpvyGEzkxBP3S275k5ZJVrsPkotZhBglRHM9rKvcj1OgkssqhcnoPw8zIaMZTF8c/0, createdBy=4c441942088, createdName=ylzr123, createdTime=Tue Oct 11 22:07:26 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1402684, encodeId=186b1402684e2, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=60ca9e761ce' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#阿尔兹海默#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=97761, encryptionId=60ca9e761ce, topicName=阿尔兹海默)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=be952422716, createdName=habb, createdTime=Tue Jul 12 09:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1485917, encodeId=ebd3148591ef3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=2c62100911a3' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#风险预测#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=73, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=100911, encryptionId=2c62100911a3, topicName=风险预测)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=e31a8064712, createdName=12498ebem21暂无昵称, createdTime=Tue Jul 12 09:48:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92672, encodeId=cd69926e2b4, content=希望能在临床前沿实现, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=133, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160803/IMG57A185CE577478201.jpg, createdBy=bad41730551, createdName=小青虫, createdTime=Sun Jul 10 22:52:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92658, encodeId=264792658cb, content=早预防和诊断,希望早日实现!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=130, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=f5b11304786, createdName=ljh0111, createdTime=Sun Jul 10 21:28:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=92632, encodeId=ffb0926320a, content=早预防早诊断, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=106, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=/v1.0.0/img/user_icon.png, createdBy=a37a1710612, createdName=oo902, createdTime=Sun Jul 10 20:00:00 CST 2016, time=2016-07-10, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-11 ylzr123

    好文值得点赞!继续关注学习。

    0

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    2016-07-10 小青虫

    希望能在临床前沿实现

    0

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    2016-07-10 ljh0111

    早预防和诊断,希望早日实现!

    0

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    2016-07-10 oo902

    早预防早诊断

    0

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JGSB:癌症患者会得阿尔兹海默症吗?

尽管研究称癌症患者不太可能患阿尔茨海默氏症,引发癌症增长的可能性也阻止了神经退行性障碍。本项研究调查发现了更严峻的解释是许多癌症患者活不到阿尔茨海默氏症发病的时期。 “诊断与年龄有关的疾病(阿尔茨海默病)取决于人生存时期疾病可能发作的年龄。”Heidi Hanson博士解释说,他是犹他大学医学院亨茨曼癌症研究所助理研究员以及家庭和预防医学助理教授。 为了说明这个概念,Hanson和她的同

老年痴呆症特效药终于要出现了!真是一部科学和资本的血泪传奇

在科技发达的美国,有一种疾病,它是美国人民最大的死因,但是美国科学家对它束手无策,没办法治疗,没办法预防,甚至没办法减慢它发病的脚步(1)。它就是大名鼎鼎的阿尔兹海默症,俗称老年痴呆症。实际上,不仅是在美国,在除美国外的其他地方还有很多人都深受其害(预计2015年到2030年,将会有累计10亿人患上老年痴呆症),而且有过之无不及。为什么这么说呢?因为美国人在阿尔兹海默症上的花费占到了全球的44

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