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Nat Med:HIV“黄金”抗体因人而异的3大影响因素

2016-09-30 佚名 生物探索

广泛性中和抗体(bNAbs)是一种被证实能够有效防控多种HIV病毒变异的有效抗体,是应对艾滋病病毒扩增、突变的长效武器。它不仅仅能够直接靶向宿主体内的病毒毒株,还能够有效攻击全球流行的其他病毒变种。这一类抗体被认为是艾滋病疫苗的关键成分,备受科学家们关注。但是,已有数据却揭示,只有很少一部分HIV感染者体内会生成广泛性中和抗体,且表达时间通常需要数年时间,甚至于数十年!这远远失去了免疫的意义。那么

广泛性中和抗体(bNAbs)是一种被证实能够有效防控多种HIV病毒变异的有效抗体,是应对艾滋病病毒扩增、突变的长效武器。它不仅仅能够直接靶向宿主体内的病毒毒株,还能够有效攻击全球流行的其他病毒变种。


这一类抗体被认为是艾滋病疫苗的关键成分,备受科学家们关注。但是,已有数据却揭示,只有很少一部分HIV感染者体内会生成广泛性中和抗体,且表达时间通常需要数年时间,甚至于数十年!这远远失去了免疫的意义。


那么,影响抗体“因人而异”生成的因素有哪些呢?弄清楚这些限制因素,或许对于我们揭示抗体表达过程有着重要意义。


近期,苏黎世大学及其附属医院的研究团队在《Nature Medicine》期刊发表了最新研究成果,为揭开上述疑问带来了新的线索。他们找到了影响bNAbs生成的因素,包括病毒载量、病毒亚型、宿主遗传背景、地理位置、社会经济差异。


因素一:病毒载量、多变性、未治疗时间


艾滋病病毒很聪明,它利用表面包膜蛋白(Env)掩护自己,并实现快速突变。更为关键的是,包膜蛋白表面结合有普通抗体难以绑定的聚糖分子。而广泛性中和抗体却能够靶向多种HIV毒株的脆弱位点,从而能够与表面蛋白和聚糖复合体保守区域结合,达到广泛中和的目的。


来自于苏黎世大学及其附属医院的研究团队招募了4484位HIV-1感染患者进行检测,在其中239位患者体内检测到广泛性中和抗体,并对其进行深入研究。


他们发现了3个影响抗原暴露的关键指标:病毒载量、感染后未接受治疗的时间和病毒多变性。而且,这3个因素对于广泛性中和抗体生成的影响“互不干扰”。


苏黎世大学临床传染病系教授Huldrych Günthard认为,这意味着研制艾滋病疫苗时,并不需要对这3个影响因素“全盘考虑”。


因素二:遗传背景、地理位置、社会经济


研究发现,相比于白色人种,黑人感染HIV病毒后生成广泛性中和抗体的概率要高。苏黎世大学病毒学教授Alexandra Trkola表示,这意味着,我们需要考虑遗传背景、地理位置和社会经济因素对于患者的影响,这些差异无疑也会影响广泛性中和抗体的表达。


因素三:病毒亚型


第三个影响抗体生成的因素是病毒亚型。研究团队发现,病毒变体会对抗体的生成产生关键影响。其中HIV-B亚型病毒更容易引发直接靶向病毒表面的抗体产生。相比之下,其他病毒亚型更易生成与病毒V2顶点糖分子结合的抗体。病毒外壳的特定结构会提供不同的抗体结合位点,从而影响免疫系统生成的抗体种类。


这一最新研究意味着,宿主、病毒以及疾病程度都会影响免疫系统表达广泛性中和抗体。但是其中的机理还有很多未知。不过这些发现将为艾滋病疫苗的研发提供系统性支撑。


原始出处:


Rusert P, Kouyos RD, Kadelka C, Ebner H, Schanz M, Huber M, Braun DL, Hozé N, Scherrer A, Magnus C, Weber J, Uhr T, Cippa V, Thorball CW, Kuster H, Cavassini M, Bernasconi E, Hoffmann M, Calmy A, Battegay M, Rauch A, Yerly S, Aubert V, Klimkait T, Böni J, Fellay J, Regoes RR, Günthard HF, Trkola A; Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Determinants of HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody induction. Nat Med. 2016 Sep 26. doi: 10.1038/nm.4187

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    2016-12-05 liye789132251
  2. 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    2017-02-19 1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称)

    能够很好的了解其生成因素及其亚型!!

    0

  3. 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topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160923/IMG57E54D670B3C08868.jpg, createdBy=e90b1956497, createdName=Carlos007, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 16:45:07 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465527, encodeId=3cd6146552ee6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=144f5032688' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#影响因素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50326, encryptionId=144f5032688, topicName=影响因素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80a06745918, createdName=chenzhuanggui, createdTime=Sun Oct 02 01:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1607137, encodeId=b102160e13744, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Oct 02 01:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-13 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    文章真好,喜欢阅读

    0

  4. 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createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 11 14:59:07 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140068, encodeId=a078140068dc, content=希望能早日攻克!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160923/IMG57E54D670B3C08868.jpg, createdBy=e90b1956497, createdName=Carlos007, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 16:45:22 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140067, encodeId=13f214006e59, content=HIV現在還沒有太好的方法, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160923/IMG57E54D670B3C08868.jpg, createdBy=e90b1956497, createdName=Carlos007, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 16:45:07 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465527, encodeId=3cd6146552ee6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=144f5032688' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#影响因素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50326, encryptionId=144f5032688, topicName=影响因素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80a06745918, createdName=chenzhuanggui, createdTime=Sun Oct 02 01:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1607137, encodeId=b102160e13744, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Oct 02 01:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-12 1e0b9de5m54(暂无匿称)

    好东东,学习了

    0

  5. 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style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Oct 02 01:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-12 1e0b9de5m54(暂无匿称)

    好东东

    0

  6. 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style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Oct 02 01:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-11 1e10c84am36(暂无匿称)

    好文章,长见识

    0

  7. 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19 19:57:47 CST 2017, time=2017-02-19, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=147749, encodeId=cfe114e74969, content=文章真好,喜欢阅读, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=84, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Thu Oct 13 14:45:53 CST 2016, time=2016-10-13, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=147165, encodeId=e80614e165cb, content=好东东,学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=110, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160824/IMG57BDA6843F0F38922.jpg, 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topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160923/IMG57E54D670B3C08868.jpg, createdBy=e90b1956497, createdName=Carlos007, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 16:45:07 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465527, encodeId=3cd6146552ee6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=144f5032688' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#影响因素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50326, encryptionId=144f5032688, topicName=影响因素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80a06745918, createdName=chenzhuanggui, createdTime=Sun Oct 02 01:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1607137, encodeId=b102160e13744, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Oct 02 01:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-04 Carlos007

    希望能早日攻克!

    0

  8. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881346, encodeId=cbc31881346b3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Mon Dec 05 22:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177008, encodeId=44db1e700867, content=能够很好的了解其生成因素及其亚型!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Feb 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createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/jW482SpianMayicTRbRZ5RzdAIB7UwTkHt6fQkBP8ictliaXtc5gCUmYdAW1sAETC2nhO3q6YjRHkUibyOCtP8ibmXNObTyd63A076/0, createdBy=d4111948983, createdName=1e10c84am36(暂无匿称), createdTime=Tue Oct 11 14:59:07 CST 2016, time=2016-10-11, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140068, encodeId=a078140068dc, content=希望能早日攻克!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=56, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160923/IMG57E54D670B3C08868.jpg, createdBy=e90b1956497, createdName=Carlos007, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 16:45:22 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=140067, encodeId=13f214006e59, content=HIV現在還沒有太好的方法, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160923/IMG57E54D670B3C08868.jpg, createdBy=e90b1956497, createdName=Carlos007, createdTime=Tue Oct 04 16:45:07 CST 2016, time=2016-10-04, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1465527, encodeId=3cd6146552ee6, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=144f5032688' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#影响因素#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=50326, encryptionId=144f5032688, topicName=影响因素)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=80a06745918, createdName=chenzhuanggui, createdTime=Sun Oct 02 01:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1607137, encodeId=b102160e13744, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=eb6b1145939' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Med#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=58, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=11459, encryptionId=eb6b1145939, topicName=Med)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=552a19396740, createdName=ms3994565386320060, createdTime=Sun Oct 02 01:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-10-02, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2016-10-04 Carlos007

    HIV現在還沒有太好的方法

    0

  9. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1881346, encodeId=cbc31881346b3, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=3b2112532d8' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Nat#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=54, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=12532, encryptionId=3b2112532d8, topicName=Nat)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=2e6f107, createdName=liye789132251, createdTime=Mon Dec 05 22:20:00 CST 2016, time=2016-12-05, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=177008, encodeId=44db1e700867, content=能够很好的了解其生成因素及其亚型!!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=100, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=http://cacheapi.medsci.cn/resource/upload/20160817/IMG57B3C3F6DC2FD8753.jpg, createdBy=81321934679, createdName=1e0d99ddm02(暂无匿称), createdTime=Sun Feb 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  10. 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