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Cancer Cell:血小板携带的肿瘤RNA可有助于诊断分类肿瘤并可提供更佳的治疗方案

2015-11-01 MedSci MedSci原创

1

近日发表于Cancer Cell的一项新的研究表明,分析血小板中携带的肿瘤RNA较其他的“液体活检”能更有效的诊断癌症。该研究在文中描述了肿瘤相关血小板的RNA图谱可区别健康人与其他六种癌症患者的血液样本,并可定位原发癌症的发生部位,此外RNA图谱还可确定肿瘤携带的突变基因,因而可指导制定最佳的癌症治疗策略。

通过结合研究人员所研发的新一代的血小板RNA基因表达图谱以及计算算法,可准确检测癌症,且准确性可达96%。而且血小板RNA特征还可有助于诊断癌症的类型,并可为患者提供最佳的个性化治疗方案。

该研究旨在探究血小板携带的肿瘤RNA是否可用于常见癌症的诊断和分类。研究共纳入了55名健康人,39名早期癌症患者,189名晚期癌症患者。采集所有研究对象的血小板样本,并对样本进行扩增和测序。


结果研究人员确定了5000多种不同的血小板RNA。与健康人的相比,癌症患者的血液样本中近1500种RNA分子的水平表达较高,近800种RNA分子的水平表达较低。使用计算算法对近300名研究对象的约1000种RNA分子进行分析以确定是否可以96%的准确度确定癌症的存在。所有患者均为局部的肿瘤,39例中枢系统肿瘤患者,使用该方法可准确诊断其中的36例患者。

血小板mRNA图谱可确定每名癌症患者肿瘤的类型,包括可区别三种胃肠道腺癌——结肠直肠癌,胰腺癌和胆道癌。由于KRAS或EGFR蛋白突变而导致肿瘤发生的患者,其血小板中同样携带特殊的RNA图谱, KRAS或EGFR可作为指导靶向基因突变药物应用的生物标志物。

虽然还有一些其他的方法正在研发以分析血液传播的因素,如肿瘤细胞及游离DNA的循环,以表征并追踪癌症的发生与发展,但是目前尚不能够诊断癌症,也不能定位原发性癌症的发生部位。而在该研究中,研究人员观察到肿瘤相关血小板的mRNA图谱可灵敏的检测癌症(即使是早期的,非转移性肿瘤),且特异性极强。目前,研究人员正进一步评估基于TEP筛查在制定治疗方案的潜在应用,并探究非癌症性疾病如何进一步影响TEPs的RNA的表达。

原始出处:

Tumor RNA in platelets may diagnose and classify cancer, identify treatment strategies. Science Daily, October 30, 2015.

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    2016-03-08 智智灵药
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    2015-11-02 nizongzan

    加油

    0

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    2015-11-02 nizongzan

    研究不错

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