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AJHG:重磅!脂肪中90个基因在心血管代谢疾病中发挥重要作用

2017-03-14 生物谷 生物谷

一项最新国际研究发现我们脂肪细胞中的基因与患肥胖、心血管代谢疾病(如心脏病和2型糖尿病)的风险相关。研究人员已经发现了脂肪细胞中接近90个基因在这些疾病中发挥重要作用,因此这些基因可以用做开发新疗法的新靶标。和许多遗传学研究不同的是,这项大型研究探索了770个芬兰病人身上这些基因的活性及其表现形式。这些结果将帮助医生和科学家们更好地了解


一项最新国际研究发现我们脂肪细胞中的基因与患肥胖、心血管代谢疾病(如心脏病和2型糖尿病)的风险相关。研究人员已经发现了脂肪细胞中接近90个基因在这些疾病中发挥重要作用,因此这些基因可以用做开发新疗法的新靶标。和许多遗传学研究不同的是,这项大型研究探索了770个芬兰病人身上这些基因的活性及其表现形式。这些结果将帮助医生和科学家们更好地了解正常基因变异如何影响个人健康及疾病风险。

“我们基因组中的许多区域和疾病风险增加相关。但是我们并不总是清楚这些区域发生了什么。”美国弗吉尼亚大学(UVA)医学院教授Mete Civelek说道,“这项研究确实解决了其中的一些问题。”

基因对健康的影响

这个项目研究的男性的健康史、身体组成、血液状况及其他健康状况都有详细的记录,Civelek将这些人称作“世界上少有的信息完整的人群。”这些精确的记录允许科学家们得出关于皮下脂肪中自然发生的基因突变的影响的结论。“2型糖尿病、冠状动脉疾病及肥胖是多因素导致的复杂疾病。”Civelek说道,“诸多遗传因素不会单独发挥作用,它们会一起发挥作用。因此我们正在进行的这类研究对于我们明白人类基因组发生的事件至关重要。”

心血管代谢疾病为公共健康带来了极大的威胁,如心脏病就是美国头号杀手,而这类研究将带来更好的治疗心血管代谢疾病地方法。“也许通过观察其中的某些标记物我们就可以更好地预测人群患2型糖尿病的风险,他们也就可以改变他们的饮食或者生活习惯以延缓疾病的发生。”Civelek说道,“或者对于那些已经患上2型糖尿病的病人,我们可以靶向其中的一些新基因,以治疗疾病。”

3维结构的DNA

这个项目还帮助加深了我们对DNA复杂的3维结构的认知。通常人们认为DNA是长的、整洁的链条,就像拉伸的字符串一样,但事实上,DNA就像意大利面一样集合在一起分布在细胞内。在直链结构上看起来很远的基因在这种情况下可能靠近彼此,而这种物理上的靠近实际上会影响基因的功能。

“我们在许多病例身上发现这些不同的基因区域实际上可以影响很远的未处于临近位置的基因的表达。”他说道,“这是因为DNA压缩成了3维结构,这些基因在3维结构上很相近,因此可以影响彼此。”这对于明白基因的工作原理有很大影响。“从目前看来,也许我们认为造成疾病的基因并非真正病因,也许有另一个更远的基因发挥着致病的作用。”

UVA生物医学工程系的Civelek正在努力进行接下来的项目,他将寻找可能调控这些与肥胖、HDL胆固醇水平及2型糖尿病风险相关的基因总开关。

原始出处:

Civelek M, Wu Y, Pan C, et al. Genetic regulation of adipose gene expression and cardio-metabolic traits[J]. The American Journal of Human Genetics, 2017, 100(3): 428-443.

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    2017-03-15 xxxx1054
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    2017-03-15 绛珠草小姐

    好好学习,谢谢了

    0

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