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J Clin Pathol:胰腺癌治疗新途径--内皮素可能成为潜在靶点

2015-02-05 Jessie Li 译 MedSci原创

在英国,每年约有7000名病人被诊断为胰腺癌,其发病率和死亡率非常接近,提示目前对这种类型的癌症还没有较好的治疗方法。晚期胰腺癌(PAC)患者的预后极差,其生存预测期只有6-12个月。对胰腺癌生物学功能的深入研究可以为将来治疗胰腺癌提供一种新的策略。      胰腺癌的肿瘤微环境引起科学家们广泛的兴趣,其原发肿瘤中具有广泛的基质成分。内皮素-1(ET-1

在英国,每年约有7000名病人被诊断为胰腺癌,其发病率和死亡率非常接近,提示目前对这种类型的癌症还没有较好的治疗方法。晚期胰腺癌(PAC)患者的预后极差,其生存预测期只有6-12个月。对胰腺癌生物学功能的深入研究可以为将来治疗胰腺癌提供一种新的策略。
    

胰腺癌的肿瘤微环境引起科学家们广泛的兴趣,其原发肿瘤中具有广泛的基质成分。内皮素-1(ET-1)是一种潜在的血管抑制剂,具有促有丝分裂和促纤维化的性能。ET-1主要由内皮细胞分泌,其他如血管平滑肌细胞、上皮细胞、巨噬细胞、淋巴细胞和纤维母细胞等也有少量分泌。在多种人类肿瘤中都能发现ET-1表达升高。ET-1的作用是通过两种G蛋白偶联受体:内皮素A受体(ETAR)和内皮素B受体(ETBR)进行调控的。
    
有研究表明ET受体的激活可以通过多种机制促进肿瘤的发生,如刺激细胞增殖、抑制细胞凋亡、促进肿瘤侵袭、血管形成和提高化疗抗药性等。因此内皮素可能成为治疗癌症的一个潜在靶点。
    
使用选择性ET-1和ETBR拮抗剂可以抑制胰腺癌生长和传播,这一点已经在体外实验和小鼠身上得到证实。这一研究主要是为了检测人类胰腺癌组织微阵列(TMA)中ET-1、ETAR、ETBR和其他血管生成标记物的表达,并与正常胰腺组织和慢性胰腺炎组织进行对比。
    
我们运用免疫组织化学的方法对45例手术切除的人类胰腺癌组织和15例人类正常胰腺组织进行研究,分别检测了胰腺组织中ET-1、ETAR、ETBR、血管内皮生长因子和微血管密度(MVD)的表达。另外,对胰岛细胞中的ET-1、ETAR、ETBR的免疫反应性也进行了检测,作为内源性对照。ET-1、ETAR、ETBR染色评分如下:0表示大部分细胞无染色强度,1+表示大部分细胞染色强度较弱,2+表示肿瘤细胞中等显色强度,3+表示细胞显色强度较强。这一评分标准并没有包括胰岛细胞或内皮细胞中的阳性细胞数。
    
结果显示,胰腺癌中ET-1和ETBR的显色强度最高:38%的胰腺癌样本ET-1得分为2+或更高,与之相比,只有7%非肿瘤样本出现ET-1阳性;58%胰腺癌ETBR得分为2+,相比之下非肿瘤样本未出现ETBR阳性。另外,胰腺癌中的MVD显著低于非肿瘤组织(p<0.0001)。

由此我们可以得出结论:与正常胰腺组织相比,胰腺癌具有高表达ET-1、ETAR、ETBR的特性。

本文是MedSci原创编译整理,欢迎转载!转载请注明来源并附原文链接。谢谢!

原始出处:

Cook N1, Brais R2, Qian W3, Chan Wah Hak C4, Corrie PG5.Endothelin-1 and endothelin B receptor expression in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.J Clin Pathol. 2015 Jan 8. pii: jclinpath-2014-202521. doi: 10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202521. [Epub ahead of print]

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    2015-06-15 yb6560
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    2015-02-16 windmilL1989

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