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Cell host &microbe:你的肠道菌群谁做主?

2015-01-21 佚名 生物谷

                                 &nbs

           

 

近日,国际期刊cell host &microbe 刊登了来自加州大学旧金山分校和哈佛大学Peter J. Turnbaugh研究小组的一项最新研究成果,他们利用五种不同的近交系小鼠和超过200只远交群小鼠发现相比于宿主基因型,饮食对个体肠道菌群环境改变起到更为重要作用。
 
虽然人类或者同种类哺乳动物之间的肠道菌群存在一些相类似特征,但是每个个体之间肠道菌群的构成仍然存在很大差别,这种差别主要由宿主基因型不同导致还是主要受到外部因素,如饮食的影响,至今仍不清楚。因此Rachel N. Carmody等研究人员为解决这个问题,选用五种不同近交系小鼠,四种转基因小鼠和最近得到广泛应用的多样性远交群小鼠(DO)系统性分析饮食摄取和宿主基因型对肠道菌群的影响。研究人员发现,在给与近交系小鼠高脂饮食和高糖饮食刺激后,近交系小鼠的肠道菌群因饮食不同出现两个明显不同的群落,但同时也发现,不同近交系小鼠在受到高脂和高糖饮食刺激后,肠道菌群改变的方向也因宿主基因型不同和宿主肠道菌群背景不同而存在差异。同时在实验中发现,饮食对肠道菌群的影响可能掩盖了因基因型不同而导致的本已存在的差异。通过对远交系小鼠的观察发现,远交系小鼠的肠道菌群对高脂和高糖饮食刺激呈现快速持久的应答。总的来说,肠道菌群的变化对饮食的应答呈现明显的剂量依赖关系,饮食的微妙变化会引起肠道菌群成分结构的改变。
 
综上所述,文章通过对近交系小鼠,远交群小鼠和转基因小鼠实验观察,发现肠道菌群受饮食的影响要比受基因型的影响更大,这或许能够解释同种个体之间肠道菌群为什么会存在各种差异。
 

原始出处

Rachel N. Carmody, Georg K. Gerber, Jesus M. Luevano, Jr., Daniel M. Gatti, Lisa Somes, Karen L. Svenson, and Peter J. Turnbaugh.Diet Dominates Host Genotype in Shaping the Murine Gut Microbiota.Cell host &microbe.2014

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    2015-11-29 维他命
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    2015-08-05 xjy02
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