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中国儿童呼吸领域真实世界研究结果发布 ——不同治疗模式对儿童下呼吸道感染疗效的登记研究

2019-10-30 MedSci MedSci原创

10月25日下午,《不同治疗模式对儿童下呼吸道感染疗效的登记研究》(RSCLR研究)的初步结果在第二十四届中华医学会儿科年会期间正式发布!

10月25日下午,《不同治疗模式对儿童下呼吸道感染疗效的登记研究》(RSCLR研究)的初步结果在第二十四届中华医学会儿科年会期间正式发布!RSCLR研究首席顾问上海交通大学附属儿童医院陆权教授和主要研究者(PI)重庆医科大学附属儿童医院刘恩梅教授出席发布会,并与前来参会的专家、学者共同见证和探讨中国首个儿童呼吸领域真实世界研究所取得的成果,助力中国儿童呼吸领域合理用药。

陆权 教授       
        

刘恩梅 教授  
  
《柳叶刀》杂志最新数据显示,下呼吸道感染是导致5岁以下儿童死亡的重要原因之一,因此,临床应重视下呼吸道感染的防治。目前,针对我国患儿下呼吸道感染的临床特点、治疗模式及合理用药,尚缺乏大规模真实世界研究数据。因此,开展针对患儿下呼吸道感染的真实世界研究,将有助于了解疾病的特征,治疗模式,为指导临床合理用药提供研究证据支持。

RSCLR研究旨在评估我国下呼吸道感染性疾病患儿的治疗模式、临床征象(咳嗽、咳痰和哮鸣音)改善,包括减轻程度和时间,为相关指南的制定提供证据支持。研究共涵盖了全国37家研究中心,4855例患儿的诊疗数据。

儿童肺炎的治疗模式

肺炎是RSCLR研究中最主要的疾病类型,占总体人群的73%。按照2019儿童社区获得性肺炎指南的分类,将治疗模式分为病原针对性治疗(抗菌药物或抗病毒药物);对症治疗(解热镇痛类、祛痰止咳类、平喘类等药物);辅助治疗(糖皮质激素、免疫增强剂);中成药。分析显示,研究中以针对病原治疗和对症治疗为基础的治疗模式占60.8%,与指南推荐临床路径相吻合。其中,抗菌药和祛痰止咳药是肺炎患儿的主要临床用药。

祛痰止咳药的临床结局及影响因素

研究结果显示,临床使用最多的祛痰止咳药物为氨溴索口服液(36%)和氨溴特罗(26.7%)。在使用祛咳止痰药物治疗7天时,有超过半数轻、中、重度患儿的呼吸道症状均获得临床控制。单因素分析显示,未使用祛痰止咳药是影响患儿转归的危险因素(比值比 0.732,95% CI:0.6~0.893;P=0.002),对症治疗有利于肺炎患儿临床症状转归。在RSCLR研究中不同祛痰止咳药物的临床有效率均超过80%。另外,监护人疾病知识知晓程度、基线咳痰难易程度QS评分及基线哮鸣音QS评分可能是影响祛痰止咳药物疗效的影响因素。安全性数据显示,RSCLR研究中肺炎治疗方案的总体安全性良好,研究中发生的不良反应可能主要与抗菌药物有关。

真实世界研究所产生的证据是上市前临床研究的重要补充,具有重要的现实意义。未来,项目组将继续对研究数据库展开深入挖掘和分析,发现真实世界中治疗模式与指南的差异、呼吸道征象转归的影响因素、下呼吸道感染患儿自报结局及相关药物经济学数据等,旨在为规范我国儿科领域下呼吸道感染的治疗提供更坚实的循证医学证据,让我们拭目以待。

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    2019-10-30 内科新手

    谢谢梅斯提供这么好的信息,学到很多

    0

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