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Cell Host & Micro:腺病毒逃脱干扰素介导的天然免疫反应的机制

2012-07-03 T.Shen 生物谷

近日,来自劳森健康研究所和西方大学的研究者发现腺病毒在机体免疫反应中扮演着重要作用,相关研究成果刊登在了国际著名杂志Cell Host & Microbe上。腺病毒感染常常引发轻微的呼吸系统疾病,最终引发咳嗽和喉痛等症状。然而当1960年研究者发现腺病毒还可以引发啮齿类动物患瘤,从此研究者才对腺病毒进行了深入研究。肿瘤的产生是因为腺病毒使得细胞分裂不受控制,而且腺病毒可以逃脱免疫系统的监视

近日,来自劳森健康研究所和西方大学的研究者发现腺病毒在机体免疫反应中扮演着重要作用,相关研究成果刊登在了国际著名杂志Cell Host & Microbe上。腺病毒感染常常引发轻微的呼吸系统疾病,最终引发咳嗽和喉痛等症状。然而当1960年研究者发现腺病毒还可以引发啮齿类动物患瘤,从此研究者才对腺病毒进行了深入研究。肿瘤的产生是因为腺病毒使得细胞分裂不受控制,而且腺病毒可以逃脱免疫系统的监视。

研究者表示腺病毒对干扰素有较强的抵抗力,前期研究证实腺病毒可以克服干扰素的效应。但是研究者Mymryk揭示了依赖于表观遗传调控改变的新的机制。干扰素的产生主要负责应对和病毒感染相关的症状,如发烧、肌肉酸痛等。当细胞暴露于干扰素中,细胞会增加大约300个抵御感染的基因的表达。研究者发现干扰素调节的基因需要一种称为组蛋白2B的单泛素化的特异性的表观修饰。

每个细胞有成千上万个不同的基因,这些基因可以以多种不可思议的方式被调控着,组蛋白2B的单泛素可以大大增加转录调节的基因。研究者发现干扰素效应可以用这种修饰来快速增加基因的转录,而这种转录需要通过改变细胞所处的环境来产生效应以阻止病毒感染。

尽管腺病毒所带来的医疗后果是温和的,但是这项研究发现也对这一系列疾病的治疗提供了思路,因为有影响力的干扰素效应就是我们如何来应对传染性疾病和癌症。许多癌症患者对于干扰素无反应,如果我们能够更为深入的理解这种干扰素效应的机制,那么我们就有可能对待这些癌症患者。总之研究腺病毒对于理解其它病毒以及癌症细胞都有非常重要的意义。

编译自:Novel Mechanism Involved in Key Immune Response

编译者:天使托

doi:10.1016/j.chom.2012.05.005
PMC:
PMID:

Adenovirus Evasion of Interferon-Mediated Innate Immunity by Direct Antagonism of a Cellular Histone Posttranslational Modification

G.J. Fonseca, G. Thillainadesan, A.F. Yousef, J.N. Ablack, K.L. Mossman, J. Torchia, J.S. Mymryk

Overcoming the cellular type I interferon (IFN) host defense response is critical for a virus to ensure successful infection. Investigating the effects of human adenovirus (HAdV) infection on global cellular histone posttranslational modification (hPTM), we discovered that virus infection-induced activation of IFN signaling triggers a global increase in the monoubiquitination of histone 2B (H2B) at lysine 120, which is a mark for transcriptionally active chromatin. This hPTM, catalyzed by the hBre1/RNF20 complex, is necessary for activation of the cellular IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression program in response to viruses. To establish effective infection, the HAdV E1A protein binds to and dissociates the hBre1 complex to block IFN-induced H2B monoubiquitination and associated ISG expression. Together, these data uncover a key role for H2B monoubiquitination in the type I IFN response and a viral mechanism of antagonizing this hPTM to evade the IFN response.

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    2012-08-20 xjy02
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    2012-08-01 维他命
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