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Environ Health Perspect:环境温度影响新生儿早产风险?

2016-09-04 MedSci MedSci原创

美国卫生研究院(NIH)的研究人员发现,孕妇若暴露在极冷或极高温环境下则早产风险增加了1/5。研究结果发表在Environmental Health Perspectives。 CDC指出,2014年新生儿中的早产儿(孕37周前分娩)约占1/10。其中早产是新生儿死亡的主要原因,也是导致新生儿今后出现不可逆残疾和神经系统疾病如脑瘫、发育迟缓的主要原因。导致早产的危险因素有很多,包括早产史、吸烟

美国卫生研究院(NIH)的研究人员发现,孕妇若暴露在极冷或极高温环境下则早产风险增加了1/5。研究结果发表在Environmental Health Perspectives。 


CDC指出,2014年新生儿中的早产儿(孕37周前分娩)约占1/10。其中早产是新生儿死亡的主要原因,也是导致新生儿今后出现不可逆残疾和神经系统疾病如脑瘫、发育迟缓的主要原因。导致早产的危险因素有很多,包括早产史、吸烟、饮酒和用药史,此外某些医疗并发症如尿路感染和高血压也会增加新生儿早产的风险。 

Pauline Mendola和同事认为过冷或过热的外界环境也是导致新生儿早产的重要原因。

Mendola博士和同事对12家美国医院2002-2008年分娩的223375名女性进行了调查,所有女性均为单胎妊娠。研究人员还收集了每个医疗中心外界环境温度数据,以评估环境温度对新生儿早产风险的影响。

在这项研究中,极度高温被定义为高于平均气温90%以上,适宜温度被定义为在10%-90%之间,而极端寒冷被定义为外界平均温度的10%以下。 

总的来说,研究人员发现,相比暴露于适宜温度下的孕妇而言,暴露于极度高温下的孕妇出现孕34周或36-38周分娩的风险要增加6-21%。

相比孕7周一直享受适宜温度的孕妇而言,孕7周暴露在严寒中的孕妇在孕34周前分娩的风险增加20%,孕34-36周分娩的风险要增加9%,孕37-38周分娩的风险增加3%。相比孕7周一直享受适宜温度的孕妇而言,孕7周暴露在极高温环境下的孕妇在孕34周前分娩的风险增加11%,孕37-38周分娩的风险增加4%。

孕7周后环境温度对孕妇早产风险的影响降低,但孕8-14周时若暴露于极度高温环境下则早产的风险增加4%。此外,研究人员发现,相比暴露于适宜温度环境下的孕妇而言,孕15-21周暴露于极度高温环境下的孕妇孕34周和孕34-36周分娩风险增加18%,孕37-38周分娩的风险增加4%。

研究人员表示需要进行更进一步的研究以深入探究是否外界温度对胎盘血流有一定的影响,进而导致早产风险增加。研究人员提醒孕妇们不要在极度酷热或寒冷的时候出门。

原始出处:

[1] Heatwaves, cold snaps may raise preterm birth risk. MNT.2016 Septembei 4.

[2] Pauline Mendola, et al.Ambient temperature and early delivery of singleton pregnancies. Environ Health Perspect.2016 August 31.

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    2016-10-30 feather89
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    2016-11-07 shizhenshan
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    2017-05-10 仁者大医
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    2016-09-06 july_979
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