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Lancet:令人担忧!新冠疫苗诱导的抗体水平3个月内下降超50%

2021-07-28 生物探索 生物探索

近日,伦敦大学学院的研究人员在《柳叶刀》上发布了一篇研究信。其中指出,无论接种者的年龄、性别以及患慢性病与否,在完全接种疫苗6周后,体内的总抗体水平将开始下降,并在 10 周内下降 50%

在新型冠状病毒肆虐的当下,疫苗是保护人们免受病毒侵害的重要手段。然而,在全球新冠感染率居高不下以及变异毒株不断出现的背景下,疫苗的保护性能够持续多久一直是人们关注的重点。

近日,伦敦大学学院的研究人员在《柳叶刀》上发布了一篇题为Spike-antibody waning after second dose of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1的研究信。其中指出,无论接种者的年龄、性别以及患慢性病与否,在完全接种疫苗6周后,体内的总抗体水平将开始下降,并在 10 周内下降 50% 以上。

这项研究结果与国内科兴疫苗和国药新冠疫苗的研究结果相似,在接种3个月(12周)时,体内中和抗体水平大幅度下降,见:EClinicalMedicine:国药新冠疫苗接种第3剂,中和抗体能达到什么水平?科兴生物发布重磅研究结果!接种第三剂科兴新冠灭活疫苗后中和抗体水平显著增高

为了了解疫苗的持续保护效力,研究人员在6 月 14 日至 15 日期间从605 位完全接种了辉瑞新冠疫苗(33%)及阿斯利康新冠疫苗(67%)的志愿者中抽取了血液样本进行横断面分析。其中53%为女性,中位年龄为 63 岁(IQR 58-67),有一半的参与者患有心血管疾病、肾脏疾病、糖尿病等慢性疾病。

参与者特征

研究人员发现,辉瑞疫苗诱导的抗体水平要显着高于阿斯利康疫苗,并且随着时间的推移,辉瑞疫苗诱导的抗体水平下降了2倍,而阿斯利康疫苗诱导的抗体水平甚至下降了5倍。

具体而言,就辉瑞新冠疫苗而言,诱导的抗体水平从接种完疫苗 21-41 天时的中位数 7506 U/mL 降至 70 天时间后的3320 U/mL。就阿斯利康新冠疫苗而言,诱导的抗体水平从 0-20 天时的中位数 1201 U/mL 降至70 天后的 190 U/mL (67-644)。

完全接种不同疫苗后,志愿者在特定时间内产生的抗体水平变化

该报告的作者之一、伦敦大学学院健康信息学研究所的Maddie Shrotri 博士说:“我们发现,疫苗诱导的抗体水平会在2-3个月内大幅下降,如果这种趋势持续发展,疫苗的保护作用可能会减弱,尤其是对于新的变异毒株的防护力,但是现在我们还没有办法预测这种情况会在接种疫苗后多久发生。”

另一位共同作者、伦敦大学学院健康信息学研究所的Rob Aldridge教授说:“当我们考虑谁应该接种加强剂疫苗时,那些最早接种疫苗,尤其是接种了阿斯利康疫苗的人,可能有着最低的抗体水平,需要格外留意。”

这项研究也存在一些局限性,比如仅纳入了600多位参与者的一份血液样本,样本量较小,并且无法观测参与者接种疫苗后的抗体水平下降的有多快。研究人员最后还指出,或许不用太悲观,因为根据抗体的病毒中和能力以及 T 细胞反应,不同的接种者会对病毒产生不同程度的免疫力,也就是说,即使参与者体内的抗体水平非常低,也可能存在可以提供长期保护的持续免疫记忆。

今年1月,《Nature》曾面向100多位科学家做过一项调研,其中近九成科学家认为新冠病毒不会消失,而是仅会从大流行转为局部流行。面对一场抗疫持久战,疫苗无疑是重要的防护“武器”,但是这个“武器”的有效期是多久,似乎仍然有待考证。

原始出处:

Madhumita Shrotri, et al. Spike-antibody waning after second dose of BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1. The Lancet, 2021.

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    2021-12-12 howi
  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831253, encodeId=4618183125392, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sun Dec 12 21:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1003336, encodeId=852b100333640, content=联合多种接种疫苗会有效吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210727/5b39a481862646a8acdae190e97f9f10/eb762bdb479e4f81a483d1b51705abd1.jpg, createdBy=71f95549536, createdName=孤云独闲两不厌, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 15:01:28 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1029787, encodeId=09251029e877f, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034404, encodeId=1cb2103440456, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1003327, encodeId=c222100332e69, content=已读已读已读已读已读已读已读,学习学习学习学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:16:22 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-28 孤云独闲两不厌

    联合多种接种疫苗会有效吗?

    0

  3. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831253, encodeId=4618183125392, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sun Dec 12 21:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1003336, encodeId=852b100333640, content=联合多种接种疫苗会有效吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210727/5b39a481862646a8acdae190e97f9f10/eb762bdb479e4f81a483d1b51705abd1.jpg, createdBy=71f95549536, createdName=孤云独闲两不厌, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 15:01:28 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1029787, encodeId=09251029e877f, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034404, encodeId=1cb2103440456, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1003327, encodeId=c222100332e69, content=已读已读已读已读已读已读已读,学习学习学习学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:16:22 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-28 公卫新人

    新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失

    0

  4. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831253, encodeId=4618183125392, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sun Dec 12 21:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1003336, encodeId=852b100333640, content=联合多种接种疫苗会有效吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210727/5b39a481862646a8acdae190e97f9f10/eb762bdb479e4f81a483d1b51705abd1.jpg, createdBy=71f95549536, createdName=孤云独闲两不厌, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 15:01:28 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1029787, encodeId=09251029e877f, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034404, encodeId=1cb2103440456, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1003327, encodeId=c222100332e69, content=已读已读已读已读已读已读已读,学习学习学习学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:16:22 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-28 goodbing

    顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多

    0

  5. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1831253, encodeId=4618183125392, content=<a href='/topic/show?id=1b6210686b2' target=_blank style='color:#2F92EE;'>#Lancet#</a>, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=0, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[TopicDto(id=10686, encryptionId=1b6210686b2, topicName=Lancet)], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3f0227, createdName=howi, createdTime=Sun Dec 12 21:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-12-12, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1003336, encodeId=852b100333640, content=联合多种接种疫苗会有效吗?, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=77, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://img.medsci.cn/20210727/5b39a481862646a8acdae190e97f9f10/eb762bdb479e4f81a483d1b51705abd1.jpg, createdBy=71f95549536, createdName=孤云独闲两不厌, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 15:01:28 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1029787, encodeId=09251029e877f, content=新冠肺炎,疫情何时才能消失, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=69, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=公卫新人, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1034404, encodeId=1cb2103440456, content=顶刊就是不一样,质量很高,内容精彩!学到很多, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=83, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f0620, createdName=goodbing, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:26:30 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=1003327, encodeId=c222100332e69, content=已读已读已读已读已读已读已读,学习学习学习学习学习学习, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=80, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=null, createdBy=f03a5433387, createdName=ms5000000518166734, createdTime=Wed Jul 28 14:16:22 CST 2021, time=2021-07-28, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2021-07-28 ms5000000518166734

    已读已读已读已读已读已读已读,学习学习学习学习学习学习

    0

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