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盘点:NEJM 9月原始研究第一期汇总

2017-09-08 MedSci MedSci原创

【1】气道粘蛋白或是诊断慢性支气管炎的重要生物标志物DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1701632慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的特征包括慢性支气管炎和肺气肿。模型研究发现,控制着粘液运输过程的气道表面粘蛋白浓度是疾病程度的关键变量。近日研究人员考察了粘蛋白浓度与致痰和疾病进展等慢性支气管炎特征之间的关系。结果发现有吸烟史的严重COPD患者其总粘蛋白浓度显著高于不吸烟的对照志愿者,且其MUC5B

【1】气道粘蛋白或是诊断慢性支气管炎的重要生物标志物

DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1701632

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的特征包括慢性支气管炎和肺气肿。模型研究发现,控制着粘液运输过程的气道表面粘蛋白浓度是疾病程度的关键变量。近日研究人员考察了粘蛋白浓度与致痰和疾病进展等慢性支气管炎特征之间的关系。结果发现有吸烟史的严重COPD患者其总粘蛋白浓度显著高于不吸烟的对照志愿者,且其MUC5B 以及MUC5AC绝对浓度分别是对照组的3倍和5倍。研究认为气道黏蛋白浓度是慢性支气管炎病理和严重程度的关键指标,是一个重要的慢性支气管炎诊断以及治疗的生物标志物。

【2】噻托溴铵治疗早期慢性阻塞性肺疾病

DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1700228

目前为止,尚无明确有效的药物能够延缓肺功能的下降速率。对于慢阻肺治疗的基石药物LAMA噻托溴铵,不同临床研究由于研究设计及样本量不同,发现噻托溴铵对于肺功能下降速率的影响存在差别。有研究报道,噻托溴铵可以延缓GOLD 2级慢阻肺患者肺功能下降速率,但与安慰剂相比仅有6 ml/年的差异,不具有临床意义。来自广州呼吸疾病研究所钟南山教授团队发表的一篇新文章,研究了噻托溴铵治疗早期慢阻肺的临床疗效与安全性。这是在中国进行的一项多中心、随机、双盲的安慰剂对照试验,结果显示,噻托溴铵组患者的FEV1明显高于安慰剂组患者。相比之下,使用支气管扩张剂后,噻托溴铵组FEV1的年均下降量明显低于安慰剂组。与此同时,噻托溴铵可以减轻慢阻肺患者急性加重次数、改善生活质量,这与国内外其它研究结果一致。

【3】第3剂MMR疫苗在腮腺炎流行期的疾病预防作用

DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1703309

近日研究人员考察了第3剂量的麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹(MMR)疫苗对腮腺炎暴发期的预防效果。研究纳入了20496名在校生参与临床研究,共确诊了259例腮腺炎。结果显示,接种3剂疫苗的学生感染风险低于接种2次的学生;接种第2剂疫苗年龄早于13岁的学生,患病风险增加9倍;接种后28天,第3剂疫苗可降低78.1%的患病风险。接种2剂量疫苗的学生,若其最后一次接种的时间十分久远则其对疾病的抵抗能力与未接种疫苗的学生无显著差异。研究认为接种3剂量的麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹疫苗可显著降低疾病流行期感染风险。研究人员建议末次接种在13岁之前的易感人群均需要补种第3剂MMR疫苗。

【4】Tezepelumab可有效治疗未控制哮喘

DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa1704064


在某些中重度哮喘患者中,特别是那些伴有非嗜酸性粒细胞炎症的患者,其病情仍然不受控制。本实验旨在尽管接受长效β受体激动剂和中高剂量吸入糖皮质激素治疗仍未能控制其哮喘的人群中评价tezepelumab(AMG 157/MEDI9929)的疗效和安全。结果发现tezepelumab治疗各组哮喘发作率均较较安慰剂组低,且患者支气管扩张前的1秒钟用力呼气容积均较安慰剂组高。表明,在长效β受体激动剂和中高剂量吸入糖皮质激素治疗的患者中,接受tezepeluma可降低哮喘的发作率,且其效果独立于基线时期血嗜酸性粒细胞计数。

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    2017-09-15 天涯183

    非常好的文章.学习了

    0

  2. [GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=244291, encodeId=38d8244291d9, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=81, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Fri Sep 15 12:06:41 CST 2017, time=2017-09-15, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=242337, encodeId=6d4024233edf, content=非常好的文章.学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=74, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/NUyjXTCJjo7LIiaRZTzJ3SEfiauCzTMPW7YvPPYLNJBXG9oh6Al1icq2VQQkIHWxqXehcicTS62YKJVBhxeth3wggw/0, createdBy=7ce01621306, createdName=天涯183, createdTime=Sat Sep 09 23:51:14 CST 2017, time=2017-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=242141, encodeId=039d242141d2, content=钟南山院士真是棒, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=71, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=, createdBy=3e502075746, createdName=营养医师, createdTime=Sat Sep 09 10:26:17 CST 2017, time=2017-09-09, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=241818, encodeId=24452418180b, content=不错的.学习了.谢谢分享!, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=89, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/mStl88fu4NdqKgfW3nMpOkC3jXxiaW2po0PtglY5ZuVjERqKADW4HyMI8bcZXWlKgH7tEP9ULBoBzuQMibia4pr1s9rQPqLvqQJ/0, createdBy=e8c02060444, createdName=中医痴, createdTime=Fri Sep 08 16:54:53 CST 2017, time=2017-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=), GetPortalCommentsPageByObjectIdResponse(id=241761, encodeId=174e241e618f, content=学习了, beContent=null, objectType=article, channel=null, level=null, likeNumber=79, replyNumber=0, topicName=null, topicId=null, topicList=[], attachment=null, authenticateStatus=null, createdAvatar=https://wx.qlogo.cn/mmopen/y6Sk2KiaDibWSs0icexcRzKWXKao9dILdyaB6olvWApA1uiaapa4T9XMiaU7hTZA04uj2iavabfdCT5iaO6AYue5qSJ7MzXaAVSqh6j/0, createdBy=08e01983553, createdName=执迷不悔, createdTime=Fri Sep 08 12:22:47 CST 2017, time=2017-09-08, status=1, ipAttribution=)]
    2017-09-09 天涯183

    非常好的文章.学习了

    0

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    2017-09-09 营养医师

    钟南山院士真是棒

    0

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    2017-09-08 中医痴

    不错的.学习了.谢谢分享!

    0

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    2017-09-08 执迷不悔

    学习了

    0

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